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Bronchial Asthma causes and symptoms

Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and persistent cough, often triggered by allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, or irritants. The condition involves intermittent episodes of airway constriction, which can vary in severity. Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation and spirometry testing to assess lung function. <br>https://www.pnytrainings.com/

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Bronchial Asthma causes and symptoms

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  1. ASTHMA

  2. Group“D” PreparedBy:M.AhmadMansoor PresentedBy:Abu-Baker

  3. BronchialAsthma 01 Tableof Contents Drugs of Bronchial Asthma 02

  4. BronchialAsthma • “BronchialAsthmaisdefinedasaChronicinflammatorydisorderofthe airways which manifests itself as recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness,chesttightnessandcough.” • ItischaracterizedbyBronchialhyper-responsivenessandvariable airflowobstruction.

  5. CausesofAsthma Geneticpredisposition Allergens(e.g.,pollen,dustmites,petdander,mold) Respiratoryinfections Airpollution Occupationalexposuretoirritants Obesity Diet Exercise Coldair

  6. SymptomsofAsthma Shortnessofbreath Chesttightnessorpain Wheezing(awhistlingsoundwhenexhaling) Coughing Troublesleepingduetobreathingproblems

  7. CLASSIFICATION • 1).Atopic/extrinsic/allergic(70%): • Mostcommontype • Environmentalagent:dust,pollen,food,animaldander • Familyhistory- present • SerumIgElevels:Increased • Skintestwithoffendingagent-whealflare • 2).Non-atopic/intrinsic/non-allergic(30%) • Triggered byrespiratorytractinfection • Viruses-mostcommoncause • Familyhistoryuncommon • IgElevelnormal • Noassociatedallergy • SkintestsNEGATIVE • Cause- hyperirritabilityofbronchialtree

  8. CLASSIFICATION • 3).Druginducedasthma • Severalpharmacologicagents • Aspirinsensitiveasthma • Increasedbronchoconstrictor,leukotrienes. • Sensitive tosmall dosesof aspirin. • InhibitsCOXpathway,withoutaffectingLPO pathway.

  9. APPROACHESTOTREATMENT PreventionofAG:ABreaction:Avoidanceofantigen,hyposensitization-possibleinextrinsic asthmaandifantigencanbe identified. Neutralizationof IgE(reaginic antibody): Omalizumab Suppressionofinflammationandbronchialhyperreactivity:Corticosteroids. Preventionofreleaseof mediators:Mastcellstabilizers. Antagonismofreleasedmediators:Leukotrieneantagonists,Antihistamines,PAFantagonists. Blockade of constrictor neurotransmitter:Anticholinergics. Mimickingdilator neurotransmitter:Sympathomimetics. Directlyactingbronchodilators:Methylxanthines.

  10. Drugs • BRONCHODILATORS • B2 Sympathomimetics:Salbutamol,Terbutaline,Bambuterol,Salmeterol,Formoterol. • Methylxanthines:Theophylline(anhydrous), Aminophylline,Cholinetheophyllinate, Hydroxyethyl theophylline,Theophyllineethanolateof piperazine,Doxophylline. • Anticholinergics:Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium bromide. • LEUKOTRIENEANTAGONISTS • Montelukast,Zafirlukast. • MASTCELLSTABILIZERS • Sodiumcromoglycate,Ketotifen. • CORTICOSTEROIDS • Systemic: Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone andothers. • Inhalational:Beclomethasonedipropionate,Budesonide,Fluticasonepropionate, Flunisolide,Ciclesonide. • ANTI-IgEANTIBODY • Omalizumab

  11. MECHANISMOFBRONCHODILATION

  12. MECHANISMOF LEUKOTRIENEANTAGONISTS

  13. MECHANISMOFMASTCELLSTABILIZERS

  14. MECHANISMOFCORTICOSTEROIDS

  15. MECHANISMOFCORTICOSTEROIDS

  16. MECHANISM OFANTI-IgEANTIBODY

  17. SIDEEFFECTSOFDRUG • Nervousness • Dizziness • Headache • Tremor • Weightgain • Drymouth

  18. THANKS

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