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Deaf Education

Deaf Education. Introduction Placement options Academic achievement Oral, manual and total Wisconsin School for the Deaf. Introduction. Terminology: hard of hearing, deaf, Deaf, hearing impaired, acoustically challenged, hearing handicapped, etc. Definitions Deaf Hard of Hearing.

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Deaf Education

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  1. Deaf Education • Introduction • Placement options • Academic achievement • Oral, manual and total • Wisconsin School for the Deaf

  2. Introduction • Terminology: hard of hearing, deaf, Deaf, hearing impaired, acoustically challenged, hearing handicapped, etc. • Definitions • Deaf • Hard of Hearing

  3. Deaf: • a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, which adversely affects educational performance.

  4. Hard of Hearing • a hearing impairment, whether permanent or fluctuating, which adversely affects a child's educational performance, but is not included under the definition of "deaf" in this section.

  5. Demographics and Incidence • Of children who have hearing loss in schools less than 10% are deaf. • However, deaf are much more likely to be provided with services.

  6. Placement Options • Preschool: Must be served upon time of identification. • ======== • RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS • DAY SCHOOLS (self contained schls) • DAY CLASSES (self contained classes) • RESOURCE ROOMS • ITINERANT PROGRAMS • ========

  7. Placement Options • PL 94-142 and IDEA, 504 plans • Trends • < 1970 Residential and Day Schools most common. • 1970 - 1980s less than 1/2 of deaf children were in residential schools, and by • 1990-present that had been reduced to 22%.

  8. Placement Options • Commission on Education of the Deaf (1986). • Concept of Least Restrictive Environment. Integration not a good option. • Found differences between suburban school districts and poor urban and rural districts..

  9. Academic Achievement • 1. For deaf significant academic retardation even for children with normal intelligence.2. For HOH it is dependent upon degree of hearing loss and appropriateness of services.

  10. Methods of Education • Oral • ASL • Total

  11. Oral Method • Milan Conference (1881) • 1881to 1970s - oral was most common • Philosophy • Integration into a hearing world • Dependence on… • Speechreading • Hearing aids and cochlear implants • Vibrotactile units • Use of speech by deaf child

  12. ASL Method • Resurgence since 1970s, especially in residential schools • English is taught as a second language. • Emphasis on Deaf culture

  13. Total Communication • “Whatever works” philosophy • Best methodology to fit child’s needs • Oral • ASL or SEE • Cued Speech • Combination of methods

  14. Wisconsin Intiatives • Deaf Mentor Program • Provides Deaf mentor for familes who have children < 6 years • Program • Teach ASL • Model Interactions and demo techniques • Share information on Deaf Culture • Other support as needed

  15. Deaf Education Training • Training Programs • UWM • University of Minnesota • Northern Illinois & Northwestern University • Training leads to a special ed. degree with licensure in Deaf Education. • Components • Teaching methodology • ASL

  16. Wisconsin School for the Deaf

  17. Wisconsin School for the Deaf • Ages 3 through 21 • No charge to parents • Innovative learning structures • Curriculum • Support services

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