Brief Timeline of events leading to the War of 1812

1. When President Madison took office in 1808 he was faced with many issues dealing with Foreign countries that were not resolved by the Jefferson administration

2. Brief Timeline of events leading to the War of 1812 Nonintercourse Act of 1809 • Embargo Act repealed • US trades with everyone but France and GB Macon’s Bill #2 • Reopened trade with GB and France • If either country formally agreed to respect our rights then we would cease trade with the other country • Napoleon deceits us Nathaniel Macon 6th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

3. Immediate causes • Britain was impressing our ships abroad and instigating Native American attacks at home • Tecumseh tried to unite all tribes east of the Mississippi • Tecumseh would eventually die at the Battle of the Thames River in 1814 • Gen William Henry Harrison devastated the Shawnee headquarters thus ending the attempt of any Indian Confederacy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZtDamgywh0

4. War Hawks Group of young Republicans that were hungry for war • Henry Clay (Kent) • John C. Calhoun (SC) War Hawk Goals • Defend US honor • Gain Canada • Destroy the Natives for good

5. War Doves “Mr. Madison’s War” Opposition came from three main groups • New Englanders (WHY?) • Federalists (WHY?) • Quid's- Old School Rep. (WHY?)

6. What was ironic about the US declaration of War against GB?

7. Election of 1812

8. US strategy • Invade Canada • Result—they easily repelled out feeble attempt to invade Toronto • However, the British were successful in establishing a blockade that crippled our fishing and trading • Capt. Oliver Perry defeated the British on Lake Erie in 1813

9. The White House goes up in flames In 1814 the British Army successfully set fire to the nations capital. If it were not for an unexpected thunderstorm the White House may not have been saved

10. Nationalism increases When the British attempted to conquer Fort McHenry the Americans held strong Francis ScottKey immortalized this battle with the “The Star-Spangled Banner”

11. Made in Baltimore, Maryland, in July-August 1813 by flagmaker Mary Pickersgill Commissioned by Major George Armistead, commander of Fort McHenry Original size: 30 feet by 42 feet Current size: 30 feet by 34 feet Fifteen stars and fifteen stripes (one star has been cut out) Raised over Fort McHenry on the morning of September 14, 1814, to signal American victory over the British in the Battle of Baltimore; the sight inspired Francis Scott Key to write “The Star-Spangled Banner”

12. General Jackson The most famous battle (Battle of New Orleans) took place after the war had ended Gen. Jackson was successful in destroying the alliance between the Creek and the British Gen. Jackson’s regiment was made up of frontiersmen, blacks and Creoles

13. Treaty of Ghent The British grew tired of fighting Napoleon and Pres. Madison knew that the US could never soundly beat Britain. In 1814 the two decided to end the War of 1812 with the Treaty of Ghent. • Fighting ended • No lands claims were made on either side • The prewar boundaries between Canada and the US were recognized

14. The War’s Legacy • Hartford Convention • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Wwd2hLx_20 • Canada becomes a peaceful neighbor • Federalist party dies • Talk off Nullification and secession rears its ugly head • Native Americans lose out (I know what a shocker) • US factories increase • War heroes—Jackson and Harrison

15. Fascinating Fact: The Federalist party, which had been discredited during the War of 1812 for such secessionist sympathies as those illustrated by the Hartford Convention, faired so poorly in the 1816 election that it did not run a national candidate against the Democratic Republicans in 1820.

16. Who country won the War of 1812?