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The Culture of the High Middle Ages

The Culture of the High Middle Ages. Agricultural and Economic Revolution The revival of learning. Agricultural and Economic Revolution. C. 1000-1300 AD. Changes in Agriculture. Population explosion (38-74 mil. in 300 years)

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The Culture of the High Middle Ages

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  1. The Culture of the High Middle Ages Agricultural and Economic Revolution The revival of learning

  2. Agricultural and Economic Revolution C. 1000-1300 AD

  3. Changes in Agriculture • Population explosion (38-74 mil. in 300 years) • The settlement of the 9th century invaders led to peace and stability • Climate improved • More land farmed = more food • Changes in technology (next slide)

  4. Inventions and the Agricultural Revolution (after 1000) • Water and wind mills • Heavier plows made of iron (Carruca) • Collar harness (horses instead of oxen) • The horseshoe • The three field system • The result • Better crops, more food, better diet • Between 1000 and 1300 the population of Western Europe doubled

  5. The Growth of Trade • The population explosion also caused an increase in demand • The first city states (Venice, Genoa, Pisa) established trade with the East (Asia-Byz-Eur) • New business practices made trade easier “The Commercial Revolution” • Coins (money economy) • Banking (letters of credit) • Partnerships (joint stock Co’s)

  6. The Revival of Towns • Old Roman cities come back to life • Craftsmen now produce goods for trade and create the new middle class or Bourgeoisie • Guilds: Apprentice, Journeyman, Master • Organizations of crafts workers (unions) • Government: right to rule themselves from Charters obtained from the Lord • Town Life (dirty, smelly, dangerous) • Labor lords eventually become land lords • Serfs become rent paying peasants

  7. Literature and Language • The growth of the vernacular: Everyday speech in a particular region • Dante Alghieri (1265-1321):The Divine Comedy • Geoffrey Chaucer:The Canterburry Tales (late 1300’s)

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