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Canadian Kids: Fit or Fat?

Canadian Kids: Fit or Fat?. Sally Sleiman and Stephanie Tacit. What is Fit?. In Good Physical Condition In Good Health Able to Easily Carry Out Everyday Routine/ Tasks. What Qualifies as “Fat”?. Fat: Another Word for Obese (20% Over a Healthy Body Weight)

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Canadian Kids: Fit or Fat?

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  1. Canadian Kids:Fit or Fat? Sally Sleiman and Stephanie Tacit

  2. What is Fit? • In Good Physical Condition • In Good Health • Able to Easily Carry Out Everyday Routine/ Tasks

  3. What Qualifies as “Fat”? • Fat: Another Word for Obese (20% Over a Healthy Body Weight) • Refers to an Excess Amount of Body Fat (Not Weight from Muscles, Bones, or Water Weight) • Some People with Lots of Muscle Can be Overweight but not Obese

  4. Main Fuel for the Body Recommendation: 30% of Daily Calories Come from Fat. Monounsaturated Fat: Not Essential Lowers cholesterol Liquid/Oil at Room Temp. Polyunsaturated Fat: Essential Fat Build Hormones and Cell Wall Structures Lowers Blood Cholesterol Liquid/Oil at Room Temp. What is Fat?

  5. Saturated Fats: Not Essential at All Not Harmful in Small Amounts Causes Heart Disease , High Blood Pressure, and Strokes in Large Amounts Solid at Room Temp. Trans Fats: Some Occur in Nature (Ruminants) Result of Hydrogenation (Vegetable Oil + Hydrogenation) Increases Food Shelf Life and Flavor Stability Causes High Cholesterol, Heart Disease, Liver Dysfunction Solid at Room Temp. What is Fat?

  6. Am I “Fat”? • BMI (Body Mass Index) • calculated by dividing the subject's weight in kilograms by the square of his/her height in metres (BMI = kg / m2). • A BMI less than 18.5 is underweight • A BMI of 18.5 - 24.9 is normal weight • A BMI of 25.0 - 29.9 is overweight • A BMI of 30.0 - 39.9 is obese • A BMI of 40.0 or higher is severely (or morbidly) obese • Race, Ethnicity, Lean Mass (Muscularity), Age, Sex, Etc. Can Affect InterpretationI • Overestimates Body Fat in Muscular Persons • Underestimates Body Fat of Persons Who Have Lost Body Mass

  7. Am I “Fat”? • Waist Circumference • Absolute Waist Circumference (Men: >102 cm; Women: >88 cm or Waist-Hip Ratio (Men: >0.9; Women: >0.85) Used As Measures of Obesity • Body Fat Measurement • Assesses % Body Fat (Men: > 25% body fat; Women: > 30% Body Fat Are Obese) • Difficult to Measure Precisely • Method: Weigh Person Underwater (Special Lab) • Method: Skinfold Test: pinch of Skin is Precisely Measured to Determine Subcutaneous fat layer thickness (Specialist Clinics) • Method: Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (Specialist Clinics) • Use Your Brain • People With Obesity Risks Can Usually be Identified By Eye (Doctor)

  8. What Contributes to Being Fat? • Genetics • Eating Disorders • Too Much Junk Food • Binging • Lack of Activity • Lack of Mental Wellness (Stress) • Insufficient Sleep • Quitting Smoking

  9. Is Being Fat Really So Bad? • Risk factors: • Cardiovascular Disease • Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 • High Blood Pressure • High Blood Cholesterol • Sleep Apnea (No Breathing) • Correlations: • Congestive Heart Failure • Menstrual Disorders • Infertility • Fatty Liver Disease • Gallstones • Hernia

  10. Is Being Fat Really So Bad? • Colorectal, Breast, and Uterine Cancer • Urinary Incontinence • Stretch Marks • Cellulites • Immobility • Osteoarthritis • Low Back Pain • Stroke • Headache • Hypoventilation • Asthma • Depression • Low Self Esteem

  11. Benefits of Being Fit • Short-Term: • Healthy: Heart, Muscles, Bones, and Joints • Increased Burning of Calories • Better Ability to Cope with Stress • Long-Term: • Improved Ability to Fall Asleep and Rest Well • Strength and Ability to Carry Out Daily Activities • Less Stress and Anxiety

  12. Benefits of Being Fit • More Energy • More Mental Acuity (Thinking Sharper and Faster) • Less Risk of: • Dying Early or After a Heart Attack • Coronary Artery Disease • High Blood Pressure • Type 2 Diabetes • Colon and Breast Cancer • Becoming Obese • Having a Stroke

  13. How Do I Get Fit? • Healthy Diet • Follow Canada Food Guide • Read Food Labels • Treat Occasionally • No Binging • Regular Exercise • Reduce Sitting for Long Periods of Time • Increase Strength, Flexibility, and Endurance Activities • Accumulate 30 to 60 Minutes of Moderate Daily Activity (ie. Walking, Biking, House Chores, Swimming, Dancing, Water Aerobics) • Healthy Lifestyle • Take the Stairs, Bike Instead of Driving, Don’t Eating Fast Food (Subs are Fast)

  14. How Do I Get Fit? • Sleep • Most Adolescents Need 8.5 to 9 Hours of Sleep • Consistent Sleep Schedule • Active Mind • Thinking Uses up Energy! • Losing Unhealthy Weight • Use More Energy than You Consume • Lose 1 to 2 Pounds per Week • Eat!! Your Body Needs Food, or Else it Goes into Starvation Mode (Feeds Off of Muscle, Not Fat) • Set Realistic Goals • Inspiration • Baby Steps

  15. Canadian Children’s Parents • 6% Rated the Overall Health of Canadian Children A Grade • At Least 40% Say They Believe Their Own Child’s Level of Physical Activity and Diet Rates an A Grade • 92% Supported Mandatory Physical Activity for Children in Schools

  16. Canadian Children’s Parents • 81% Favoured Removal of Junk Foods High in Sugar, Fat, and Salt from School Vending Machines • 63% Support Tax Breaks on Purchases of Healthy Foods • 9% Considered Their Offspring Overweight

  17. How Many Children Are Overweight/Obese?

  18. Canadian Children • 26% of Canadian Children are Overweight or Obese (Statistics Canada)

  19. What Have We Done? • Encouraged Children to Be More Active via • Television Commercials • Video Games that Require Physical Activeness • Educating Children via School Guest Speakers • Replacing Junk Food in School Vending Machines • Replacing Junky Cafeteria Food (Putting in Healthier Options)

  20. What Have We Done? • Encouraged Parents to buy Healthy Foods via • Television Commercials • Television Programs (ie. Honey, We’re Killing the Kids) • Health Food Check • Encouraged Parents to be Good Role Models for their Children

  21. What Can We Do? • Put Comprehensive School Programs into Place • Emphasize Reduced Recreational Television, Computer and Video Game Use by Children, and Reduced Soft Drink Consumption by Children • Offering Fiscal Incentives to Promote Healthy Lifestyles (Cheaper Healthy Foods)

  22. What Can We Do? • Put Up Gas Prices (Encourages Walking/Biking) • Developing Point of Decision Prompts for Physical Activity (Signs for Stairs at Elevators) • Community Events Promoting Physical Activity

  23. Review

  24. Bibliography • http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/nutrition_fit/fitness/fitness_13_18.html • http://www.hamiltonmountainnews.com/hmn/viewpoint/viewpoint_1204071.html • http://nat.crgq.com/nutrients.html • http://www.tucsoncitizen.com/ss/taste/33350 • http://www.canada.com/topics/bodyandhealth/story.html?id=ed336bd4-6b69-4d74-a5fd-8c23600031b5 • http://chealth.canoe.ca/health_tools.asp?t=24&text_id=1862&channel_id=7&relation_id=3398 • http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/o/overweight/complic.htm • http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/fat.htm • http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fit • http://bodyandhealth.canada.com/channel_health_features_details.asp?health_feature_id=61&article_id=118&channel_id=1055&relation_id=17520 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans_fat • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obese • http://www.icb2001.com/Benefits_Of_Fitness.asp • http://www.healthcheck.org/

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