1 / 14

Cell Division

Cell Division. Ch. 10. Why do cells divide? (1). Exchanging materials The larger a cell becomes, the harder it is to get enough materials and waste across the cell membrane. Why do cells divide? (2). DNA Overload Larger cells place more demands on their DNA. Why do cells divide? (3).

zarita
Download Presentation

Cell Division

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Division Ch. 10

  2. Why do cells divide?(1) • Exchanging materials • The larger a cell becomes, the harder it is to get enough materials and waste across the cell membrane.

  3. Why do cells divide?(2) • DNA Overload • Larger cells place more demands on their DNA.

  4. Why do cells divide?(3) • Surface Area : Volume Ratio • As the length of a cell increases, the volume increases much more rapidly than surface area.

  5. The Cell Cycle • Interphase (period in-between division) • G1 (growth) • S (DNA replication) • G2 (prepare for mitosis) • M phase (division) • Mitosis (division of the nucleus) • Cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm) • Most of the time the cell is in interphase!!!

  6. Mitosis • Mitosis is the division of the nucleus. • There are 4 stages of mitosis: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telephase

  7. Prophase • Everything sets up for mitosis. • First and longest stage of mitosis. • The chromatin condenses into chromosomes. • The centrioles separate and form a spindle of microtubules. • The nuclear membrane breaks down.

  8. Metaphase • Metaphase is the 2nd phase of mitosis. • Chromosomes line up on the spindle in the MIDDLE of the cell. • May last only a few minutes.

  9. Anaphase • Anaphase is the 3rd phase of mitosis. • Chromosomes are pulled APART to opposite ends of the cell. • Begins as soon as the chromosomes begin separating and ends as soon as the chromosomes stop moving.

  10. Telophase • Last phase of mitosis. • Chromosomes disperse and tangle. • The nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes. • The spindle breaks down. • The nucleolus becomes visible.

  11. Cytokinesis • The division of the cytoplasm. • Occurs at the same time as telephase. • The cytoplasm can be divided 2 ways: • Animal cells pinch off into 2 cells. • Plant cells form a cell plate (which is the beginning of the cell wall)

  12. Final Product • The final product of mitosis and cytokinesis is: • 2 genetically identical daughter cells

  13. Controls of Cell Growth • When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing. • Cyclins are proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle.

  14. Cancer • Cancer is a disorder where the cell has uncontrolled growth. • Cancer cells do NOT respond to regulators. • This causes the cells to form masses called tumors, which can damage surrounding tissues.

More Related