1 / 34

Earthquakes

Earthquakes. Classwork 1. Describe any earthquakes you’ve experienced or know of. What happens during an earthquake?. Video Clips. https :// www.youtube.com / watch?v =kE4eDu7gXI4 https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =gglhWS23HfM https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v = uZlFTPKhUts

yori
Download Presentation

Earthquakes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Earthquakes

  2. Classwork 1 • Describe any earthquakes you’ve experienced or know of. What happens during an earthquake?

  3. Video Clips • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kE4eDu7gXI4 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gglhWS23HfM • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZlFTPKhUts • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nuX5s_hyQ0 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5U3QvKfUG8

  4. Homework • Read 127-130 answer 1-6 on pg 130

  5. Classwork 2 • What is the difference between epicenter and focus? • What is a fault scarp?

  6. Homework Questions • What is an earthquake? • Sudden motion or shaking of Earth as rocks break along an extensive surface within the earth. • Explain how seismic waves are generated by an earthquake? • The sudden release of energy as rock ruptures cause intense vibrations • What is the relationship between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake? • Focus is the origin of the earthquake, epicenter is directly above the focus at the surface

  7. Use a diagram to describe the differences between p, s and surface waves? • See pg 129 figure 2 • Rank p, s and surface waves in order from fastest to slowest. • P, s, surface

  8. The Science of Earthquakes • Popcorn reading • Summarize each paragraph in notebook.

  9. Classwork 3 • Which type of wave is like lightning and which is like thunder? • Where are many earthquakes and volcanoes found in the world?

  10. Types of Faults • Dip-Slip Fault • Strike-slip-Fault • Transform Fault • Oblique Fault

  11. Dip-Slip Faults • Normal Fault • Block above fault moves down • Caused by Tension forces • Results in extension • Other names • Normal-slip fault, tensional fault, gravity fault • Reverse Fault • Block above fault moves up • Caused by compression forces • Results in shortening • Other names • Thrust fault, reverse-slip fault compression fault

  12. Strike-Slip Fault • Strike-Slip fault • Movement is horizontal • Caused by shearing forces • Transform Fault • Horizontal movement between two ocean ridges • Movement between two continental crusts rare

  13. Oblique Fault • Both horizontal and vertical motion • Both dip-slip and strike-slip faulting. • Caused by shearing and tension

  14. classwork • Name the 4 major types of faults that cause earthquakes. • Describe the type of motion in each of the previously listed faults. (horizontal, vertical, diagonal)

  15. Slinky Activity • In row, have the first person and last person push the slinky towards opposite end. Time how long the wave takes to get to the opposite end. Record in your notebook. • Have the first person and last person shake the slinky horizontally. Time how long the wave takes to get to the opposite end. Record in your notebook. • Summarize the activity in your own words. Draw a picture for each type of wave observed. Label the waves P or S waves.

  16. Earthquake Vocab due Tuesday, quiz Wed • Earthquake • Seismic (earthquake) waves • Fault • Shear strength • Friction • Focus • Epicenter • Fault scarp • Primary wave (p wave) • Secondary wave (s wave) • Surface wave • Seismometer • Seismogram

  17. Classwork • What is the difference between seismogram and seismometer? • What type of fault is the San Andreas fault?

  18. Classwork • What two scales are used to measure Earthquakes? • What is the difference between the two?

  19. Recording Earthquakes • Use of seismometer-> device that measure earthquakes

  20. Graphs of earthquakes • Seismogram-> record of an earthquake

  21. Describing Earthquakes • Mercalli Scale of Earthquake intensity • 1-12 • Not felt (minor earthquake) • Total damage, landslides, waves seen on grounds, objects thrown in air (major earthquake)

  22. Recording Sizes of Earthquakes • Magnitude scale, aka: Richter Scale • Based on a power of 10 scale • Ex: magnitude 6 earthquake is 10 times larger then a magnitude 5 earthquake • How many times larger is a magnitude 8 earthquake then a magnitude 6 earthquake?

  23. Classwork • What scale is used to measure earthquakes? • What kind a damage could result from an Earthquake?

  24. classwork • List possible hazards caused by Earthquakes. • Identify each type of fault: • A B • C D

  25. Hazards of Earthquakes • Tsunami-> giant ocean wave • Japan 2011 • 30m • Lituya Bay mega tsunami -1958 • 524m • Spirit Lake mega tsunami - 1980 • 260m

  26. Destruction to Buildings/People • Most injuries result from collapsing buildings • Type of soil affects building stability of buildings • Loose soil allows buildings to collapse • Solid ground helps buildings to remain standing • http://www.sciencedaily.com/videos/2007/1106-earthquake_proof_house.htm

  27. Bedrock • Solid rock that makes up earth’s crust • Most of it is covered by weathered parts of the earth like sand, dirt and broken rocks • The depth of bedrock determines what type of buildings can be built

  28. Bedrock • Bedrock that has a lot of soil/debris on top would require builders to dig VERY deep • Bedrock that does not have a lot of soil/debris on top is where skyscrapers and tall buildings can be built.

  29. Classwork • Name the areas of the map that are likely to have an earthquake • Name the type of ground surface that is best to build on in an earthquake zone.

More Related