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Tribal Perspectives on Biological Indicators

Tribal Perspectives on Biological Indicators. Charlie Lippert, Air Quality Technician Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe National Tribal Forum Las Vegas, NV June 3–5, 2008. Our Relationship and Our Understanding.

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Tribal Perspectives on Biological Indicators

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  1. Tribal Perspectives on Biological Indicators Charlie Lippert, Air Quality Technician Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe National Tribal Forum Las Vegas, NV June 3–5, 2008

  2. Our Relationship andOur Understanding Environmental quality changes and climate changes alter our relationship with and understanding of the life around us that we use to define • our culture, • our homeland and homes, • our foods and medicines, and • ourselves

  3. Definition Biological Indicators (Bioindicators) • species or chemicals used to monitor the health of an environment or ecosystem through observing their function, population, or status to determine ecosystem or environmental integrity, and monitored for changes (chemical, physiological, or behavioral) that may indicate a problem within their ecosystem. Primary Indicator • species used as an indicator that directly exhibit chemical, physiological, or behavioral changes due to direct changes in health of an environment or ecosystem Secondary Indicator • Similar to “Primary Indicator” but have indirectrelationship

  4. Gidizhitwaawiminaan(Our Culture) Change in our understanding of self • Zagaakwaandagowininiwag (Men of the Thick/Dense Brush) = Bois Forte Band of Chippewa identity linked to homeland but woodlands are becoming prairie Change in our understanding of seasons • Iskigamizige-giizis (Sapsugar-making Moon) = April sap-flow times changing; seasonal activities now must adjust Change in our understanding of geography • Oshkibagi-ziibi (New Leaf-growth River) = Minnesota River toponym  land function; toponyms must now change

  5. Gidakiiminaan(Our Homeland) Gichigamiing,Mitigwaakiing ashi Omashkodeng (Coastal, Woodlands and Plains) Anishinaabeg have transitioned from Coastal to Woodlands and Plains due to: √Niizhwaaswayagaan mishkodeni- niigaanaajimowinan(Seven Fires Prophecy) √ Bagamaadiziwin(the Arrival) √Wezhibii’igaazowinikaang(Treaty Area) ? Shift in Daawakiing(Ecological zone)

  6. Ecological zones defined by a’aw akiing (terrestrials) – gitigaanan – binesiwag/bineshiinyag (plants) (birds) – manidoons – awesiinyag (bugs/insects) (animals) a’aw nibiing (aquatics) – ataagibiin/washkoon – zhiibshiibag (aquatic plants/reeds) (waterfowls) – manidoosh – giigoonyag (bugs/insects) (fishes)

  7. Endaayang (Our home) wiigwaasaatig(birch) • mide-wiigwaasabakoog(sacred birchscrolls) giizhikaandag(white cedar) • nookwezigan(smudge) zhingwaakwaatig (pine) • mitigoon (lumber) ininaatig (red maple) • ziinzibaakwad (sugar) emikwaanaatig (ash) • aabajichiganan (utensils)

  8. Miijiman gaye Mashkikiiwan(Foods and Medicines) odoonibiig (tullibee) • ↑temperature, ↓tullibee ogaawag(walleye pike/pickerel) • ↑organophosphorus insecticide spray drifts, ↓larval walleye growth moozoog(moose) • ↑temperature, ↑pests, ↓moose

  9. Miijiman gaye Mashkikiiwan(Foods and Medicines) waakonishag(lichens) ↑SOX and ↑PM2.5 in the air, ↓lichens as medicine mashkodiisiminibagoon(bean leaves) leaves susceptible to O3 and NOX damage ↑ injured bean plants, ↓ bean nutritive quality/yield maniwegoonsan(bristly buttercup) thrives in mild NH4+ enriched atmosphere ↑ growth along roads ↓ medicinal use due to herbicide applications

  10. Mino-ayaawin (Health) Ultimately, we ourselves are also biological indicators, aakoziwin(disease) can manifest • E-giishkanaamoshkaawaad(COPD) Asthma and other breathing difficulties from SOX, NOX, PM2.5 and O3 in the air • Miskwiwaaboo-niisaakonaan(blood chemistry) Changes in food/medicine chemistry and atmospheric chemistry affects our blood chemistry and our body function

  11. ConcludingThoughts Man did not weave the web of life – he is merely a strand in it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself. • Chief Seattle, 1854 Miigwech. Mii sa go i’iw.(Thank you. That is all for now.)

  12. Sample References Books • Carson, Rachel (1962). Silent Spring. ISBN 0-618-24906-0 • Farr, Daniel (2002). “Indicator Species”, in Encyclopedia of Environmetrics. ISBN 978-0-471-89997-6 • Lagler, Richard B. (editor)(1998). Recognition of Air Pollution Injury to Vegetation: A Pictorial Atlas. ISBN 0-923204-14-8 • Shrivastava, Rahul (2007). “Indicator Species”, in Encyclopedia of Environment and Society. ISBN 1412927617 Websites • http://biomarkers.pnl.gov/ • http://www.biobasics.gc.ca/english/View.asp?x=740 Journals and Journal articles: • Environmental Bioindicators – An Official Journal of the International Society of Environmental Bioindicators. ISSN 1555-5275 (print), 1555-5267 (online) • Noss, Reed (1990). “Indicators for monitoring biodiversity. A hierachical approach”, Conservation Biology 4: 355-364

  13. Phone: 320-532-4704 / 800-709-6445 ext. 4704Home: 320-629-2126 / 651-271-4391e-mail: charliel@millelacsojibwe.nsn.us Fax: 320-532-7514 MILLE LACS BAND OF OJIBWE INDIANS Executive Branch of Tribal Government CHARLES JIRÔ LIPPERT Air Quality Technician Department of Natural Resources and Environment 43408 Oodena Drive Onamia, MN 56359-2236

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