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Problem Solving

Problem Solving. A Window on Thinking. Research Methods. Variables of Interest Kinds of Problems Kinds of Subjects Evaluate: Answers for types of errors Time Strategies used by subjects to solve problems A word on Introspection. Solution Paths. Algorithms Heuristics.

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Problem Solving

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  1. Problem Solving A Window on Thinking

  2. Research Methods • Variables of Interest • Kinds of Problems • Kinds of Subjects • Evaluate: • Answers for types of errors • Time • Strategies used by subjects to solve problems • A word on Introspection

  3. Solution Paths • Algorithms • Heuristics

  4. Representing the Problem

  5. Two players take turns picking a number 1-10 • Once chosen, a number cannot be chosen again • Winner is the first player to have three chosen numbers = 15 • If neither player has three chosen numbers = 15, game ends in tie.

  6. Bookworm

  7. Buddha Mountain

  8. Binary Information Processing

  9. “Processing” for differential outputs L – L = A L – R = B R – L = B R – R = C

  10. L – L = A 1 + 1 = 2 L – R = B 1 + 2 = 3 R – L = B 2 + 1 = 3 R – R = C 2 + 2 = 4

  11. Experts • Well filled, well organized brain attics • Chunking • e.g., chess • Advanced Schemas • Schema as mental program (‘app’) • Cognitive development (Piaget) • Assimilation • Accommodation

  12. GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING • GENERAL PRINCIPLES • COMBINE INDIVIDUAL THINKING WITH GROUP EVALUATION • VALUE OF DIVERSE GROUPS • Collective Intelligence • “crowdsourcing” • DESIGN THINKING

  13. The Hidden Side of Thinking • An Example: IAT • Given two categories into which you sort words or pictures as quickly and accurately as possible • Key measure is reaction time

  14. Gender MALE FEMALE Jane David Mike Susan Barbara Oscar

  15. Social Function FAMILYPROFESSION Brother Salary Home Vacation Promotion Overtime

  16. Gender and Social Function FAMILYPROFESSION FEMALEMALE Jane Salary Mike Susan Promotion Overtime

  17. Gender and Social Function FAMILYPROFESSION MALEFEMALE Jane Salary Mike Susan Promotion Overtime

  18. Solving Big Problems http://www.ted.com/talks/jason_pontin_can_technology_solve_our_big_problems.html

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