Plan B 4.0 Mobilizing to Save Civilization Chapter 4: Stabilizing Climate: An Energy Efficiency Revolution

1. Plan B 4.0 Mobilizing to Save CivilizationChapter 4: Stabilizing Climate: An Energy Efficiency Revolution Clark Bockelman Cole Russert James Howe

2. Lighting Technology • Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) • 75% less energy than an incandescent • Lasts 10 times as long • Energy saved over its lifetime is equivalent to driving a Prius from New York to San Francisco

3. Lighting Technology • Light Emitting Diode (LED) • Uses 85% less energy than an incandescent • Last 50 times as long • LED installed at time of child’s birth will still be working when they graduate from college

4. Energy Comparison

5. Energy Efficient Appliances • Large potential for reducing electricity usage in China, United States and the European Union • Small drops in electricity usage could close down multiple coal-fired plants

6. Energy Efficient Appliances • China • 1980-manufactured 50,000 refrigerators • 2008-manufactured 48 million refrigerators, 90 million color TV’s, 42 million clothes washers • For every 100 households there are 138 TV’s, 97 washing machines, and 88 air conditioners • Increased China’s electricity use by 11-fold from 1980 to 2007

7. Energy Efficient Appliances • United States • 5% of total electricity usage is with appliances in standby mode • Drop of just 1% could close down 17 coal-fired plants • Flat screen TV’s use 4 times as much electricity as normal TV’s

8. Energy Efficient Appliances • The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is putting development into reducing the power consumed by appliances when they’re not in use as a top priority • Steps being taken by Japan to increase energy efficiency • 1990-2007 raised efficiency standards between 15-83% percent for various appliances

9. Zero-Carbon Buildings • Buildings (commercial/residential) account for 72% of electricity use and 38% of Carbon Dioxide emissions worldwide

10. Zero-Carbon Buildings • U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has authority world wide on green buildings • Perform Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification and rating program

11. Zero-Carbon Buildings • LEED • 4 Certifications; points add up off of basic certification based on higher levels of efficiency • Certified • Silver • Gold • Platinum

12. Electrifying the Transport System • High-speed rail systems • Benefit • Save time and energy • Reduce the need for cars • Output of non-harmful emissions (1/3 emissions of a car and ¼ of a plane per passenger) • Goal is to have zero emission use by using renewable electricity resources • Goals to triple the amount of rail systems in China and Europe by 2020

13. Electrifying the Transport System • Japan • Not a single death in over 40 years • 1,360 miles of High-speed rail systems • Reduces an 8 hour drive to a 2 hour train ride between Tokyo and Osaka

14. Electrifying the Transport System

15. Electrifying the Transport System • U.S. government passed an $8 billion stimulus plan in 2009 for high-speed rail systems in different sections • California passed a $10 billion bond in 2008 to help build a high-speed rail system from the south to north

16. Energy Grids • The lack of transmission capacity in the eastern United States is estimated to cost consumers $16 billion a year • Fixing the non-efficient grid • Creating a strong National grid • “Smart” grid-appliances relay information between consumers and the utility companies • “Smart meters” shift electricity geographically during periods of peak demand and off-peak demand • Metaphorically as successful as the interstate highway system in the U.S.

17. Energy Saving Potential • Switching to more energy efficient lighting, appliances, buildings, transportation, and grids can offset 30% growth in global energy demands • Switching to more efficient lighting alone would lower world electricity demands by 12% • Simple way to achieve all efficiency models is to adopt a carbon tax