Unit 3 Failure of Grammatical Equivalence and Random Translation

1. Unit 3 Failure of Grammatical Equivalence and Random Translation

2. 3.1 “word-for-word translation”/“dead translation” and literal translation • This is the only hometown that she remembered. 这是唯一的家乡她能记得的。 • By the end of the 19th century, people could travel by train to most parts of Britain.到十九世纪的末期为止，人们能够用火车旅行到不列颠的大部分。

3. I must go back home, for my father has been ill for almost a month. None is with him. Poor old man. 我必须去回家，因为我的父亲已经生病几乎一个月了。没有一个人和他在一起。可怜的老人！

4. Ex. Improve the following translation: 1. When I Was Nine (标题) 当我九岁的时候 2. “I passed you on the road?” “Monseigneur, it is true. I had the honour of being passed on the road.”有被你经过的荣幸。 3. The thieves drove so fast that it was all the police could do to keep up with them. 如此快，以至于……

5. 4.You flatter me. 你拍我马屁。 5.He is lying on his back.他仰卧在他的背上。 6.You alone here? 你一个人？ I’m saving myself for you.我在为你救我自己。

6. 7.I helped Oakley inside. 我帮助奥克利进去。 8.Humor often helps a tense situation.幽默通常帮助一个紧张的局面。 9. The cold weather frosted up the track last night.昨晚寒冷的天气使跑道上结了霜。

7. 3.2 Random translation and free transltion • Eg. • It is cold. 冰冻三尺。 • This plane is small and cheap. 这架飞机小巧玲珑，价廉物美。 • When they met again, each had been married to another.他们见面时，一个已经是罗敷有夫，另一个已经是使君有妇了/一个已经是有夫之妇，另一个已经是有妇之夫了。

8. Domestication 归化 • Foreignization 异化 • (sun:P33-P47)

9. Unless you’ve had ace up your sleeve, we are dished. • 除非你有锦囊妙计，否则我们是输定了。 • 除非你袖中藏有王牌，否则我们是输定了。

10. Consequently Mr. Micawber was soon so overcome, that he mingled his tears with hers and mine. (David Copperfield) • 结果密考伯先生不久就伤感得把他的眼泪同她的和我的混合起来了。 • 结果是，一会儿密考伯先生也受不住了，和她和我，眼泪对流起来了。

11. “I know, Dad,” she said, “I’m a selfish pig. I’ll think about it…” (A Modern Comedy) • ……我是头自私自利的猪…… • ……我是头自私鬼……

12. she could not desert Tara; she belonged to the red acres far more than they could ever belong to her. (Gone with the wind) • 她不能放弃塔拉；她属于这些红土地，远比它们属于她更加真实。 • 她不能放弃塔拉；这块红土地是属于她的，而她更是永远属于这块红土地。

13. Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win. • 我们人人都有自己的胡萝卜和大棒。就我而言，这大棒就是我日趋衰弱的身体状况，两年前还是我手下败将的网球对手，现在却打不过了。我的胡萝卜就是想赢球。

14. Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win. • 我们人人都有自己的压力和动力。就我而言，这压力就是我日趋衰弱的身体状况，两年前还是我手下败将的网球对手，现在却打不过了。我的动力就是想赢球。