Sociology I Final Review

1. Sociology I Final Review

2. 1. Which discipline defines itself as “the systematic study of human society”?

3. sociology

4. 2. C. Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed

5. Personal problems into public issues.

6. 3. The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the:

7. structural-functional approach.

8. 4. Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with:

9. the human body.

10. 5. The social-conflict approach draws attention to:

11. patterns of social inequality.

12. 6. The ____________________________ approaches are macro-level, describing societies in broad terms.

13. structural-functional and social-conflict

14. 7. Which early U.S. sociologist studied the African American community, served as a founding member of the NAACP and received the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color?

15. W.E.B. Du Bois

16. 8. Karl Marx argued that the point of studying society was:

17. to bring about needed change.

18. 9. The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is:

19. the product of people interacting in everyday situations.

20. 10. An exaggerated description that one applies to every person in some category is referred to as:

21. a stereotype.

22. 11. Sociologists use the term "empirical evidence" to refer to:

23. information we can verify with our senses.

24. 12. In the process of measurement, reliability refers to:

25. whether repeating the measurement yields consistent results

26. 13. What concept below refers to measuring exactly what one intends to measure?

27. validity

28. 14. The ideal of objectivity means that a researcher:

29. must adopt a stance of personal neutrality toward the outcome of the research.

30. 15. If you have been accused of "androcentricity" in your research, you are being charged with:

31. doing the research from a male perspective

32. 16. What term refers to any change in a subject's behavior caused by the awareness of being studied?

33. the Hawthorne effect

34. 17. A smaller number of people used to represent an entire population is called a:

35. sample

36. 18. In a questionnaire, asking respondents to identify their income level from a number of possible categories represents which of the following?

37. a closed-ended format

38. 19. As a part of human culture, religion is an example of:

39. nonmaterial culture

40. 20. What is the term for the beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects that together constitute a people's way of life?

41. culture

42. 21. Mores distinguish between right and wrong; folkways distinguish between right and rude.

43. 22. Elements of social control include:

44. Sanctions, including rewards & punishment; Guilt; Shame.

45. 23. The practice of understanding another culture on its own terms and using its own standards is called:

46. cultural relativism.

47. 24. Cultural universals are cultural traits that:

48. are part of every known culture.

49. 25. Which theoretical approach points out that the sexual "double standard" is found around the world?

50. the sociobiology approach