Improving Outcomes for Minnesota ’ s Crossover Youth Implementation of the CYPM

1. Improving Outcomes for Minnesota’s Crossover Youth Implementation of the CYPM Minneapolis, Minnesota July 16, 2012

2. The Crossover Youth Practice Model Phases & Practice Areas Practice Area 1: Arrest, Identification, & Detention Practice Area 2: Decision Making Regarding Charges Practice Area 3: Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Practice Area 4: Coordinated Case Management & Ongoing Assessment Practice Area 5: Planning for Youth Permanency, Transition & Case Closure The Crossover Youth Practice Model Guide can be retrieved at: http://cjjr.georgetown.edu/pm/practicemodel.html

3. Phase I: Practice Area 1 Arrest, ID & Detention 3

4. Phase I: Practice Area 2 Decision Making Regarding Charges 4

5. Crossover Youth Practice Model Checking In on Progress – Phase I • Ensure that your Implementation Team has considered how: • youth crossover in your jurisdiction, looking for “hot spots,” • staff across child welfare, juvenile justice and other relevant systems will • coordinate work during this phase, • family meetings will be convened upon initial notification of a youth • crossing over into the juvenile justice system, • legal and relevant caseworker staff will work together to address initial • intake, detention and charging decisions, • families will be provided with written material that explains the child • welfare and juvenile justice systems and what they can anticipate will be • occurring with their case, • the impact on disproportionality will be explored at all decision points • across child welfare and juvenile justice, and • funding and other resources will be identified that can be shared • between the systems to improve or offer services for dually-involved • youth.

6. Phase II: Practice Area 3 Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning 6

7. Phase II: Practice Area 3 - Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Conduct an inventory of the assessment tools used in both child welfare and juvenile justice. (This will assist in the development of a consolidated assessment of the youth and family). Upon notification of a new crossover youth case, the newly assigned probation officer should immediately make contact with the assigned social worker. This contact should be made within three to five days. This level of contact may happen pre- or post adjudication. 7

8. Phase II: Practice Area 3 - Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Complete a consolidated/joint assessment of the family and youth including the following: • Review of behavior patterns over time; • Examination of the family strengths and protective factors; • Assessment of the overall needs of the youth and family that affect the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and youth in the family; • Consideration of contributing factors (caregivers) such as domestic violence, substance abuse, mental health, chronic health problems, and poverty; • Assessment of criminogenic factors including peer group, school performance, family dynamics, substance abuse, self regulation, history of delinquent behaviors; and • Review of information gathered through other assessments from partnering agencies (i.e. mental health, substance abuse) 8

9. Phase II: Practice Area 3 - Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Development of an integrated case plan that: • Creates a direct link between the identified need areas and the goals, tasks, interventions and services. • Focuses interventions on assisting parents/caregivers to improve their parenting skills and the youth in changing his/her risk taking behaviors. • Are focused, time limited, behaviorally specific, attainable, relevant, and understandable to all and agreed to by the parent(s). • Provide the basis for understanding when the work is completed. Conversely, they provide the basis for deciding that sufficient change has not occurred so that permanency goals may be justified and pursued. 9

10. Phase II: Practice Area 3 Case Assessment, Assignment & Case Planning (continued) 10

11. Phase II: Practice Area 3 - Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Families should help guide the process of determining what interventions could best address their situation, within the context of a shared commitment to making necessary changes. This process should be transparent – the CW social worker/JJ case worker team should share the tools and information being used to build the service plan. There is an expectation that all jurisdictions will make a commitment to reduce its use of group care (including residential and institutional) for crossover youth. Residing in a family setting is ideal for all youth regardless of their current or past situation. 11

12. Phase II: Practice Area 3 - Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Sites must implement one of the following Court models: • Dedicated court docket • One judge/one family • Multi-system planning and court reporting. Identify kin to care for crossover youth. • Strive to engage the family as soon as the youth is identified to the system. • Ensure that kin are given the same level of support as resource families. 12

13. Phase III: Practice Area 4 Coordinated Case Supervision & Ongoing Assessment 13

14. The Crossover Youth Practice Model Phases & Practice Areas Practice Area 1: Arrest, Identification, & Detention Practice Area 2: Decision Making Regarding Charges Practice Area 3: Case Assignment, Assessment & Case Planning Practice Area 4: Coordinated Case Management & Ongoing Assessment Practice Area 5: Planning for Youth Permanency, Transition & Case Closure The Crossover Youth Practice Model Guide can be retrieved at: http://cjjr.georgetown.edu/pm/practicemodel.html

15. Phase III: Practice Area 4 - Coordinated Case Supervision & Ongoing Assessment Consideration of the use of coordinated case supervision (between the agencies), specialized case management & supervision units, special qualifications and/or training of case managers, & use of CW or JJ liaisons CW social worker and JJ case worker should make a determination as to which agency should take the lead in providing services on a case Minimum of monthly contact regarding each case to ensure coordination of efforts the CW social worker & JJ case worker Ensure the conducting of formal gatherings based on case dynamics; to include (but not limited to): - Prior to court hearings - When significant changes in family dynamics occur - At the request of family member

16. Phase III: Practice Area 5 Planning for Permanency, Transition & Case Closure 16

17. Phase III: Practice Area 5 - Planning for Permanency, Case Closure & Transition Begin planning for permanency at the onset of a case Ensure that concurrent planning is occurring throughout the life of a case Embedding learning opportunities for independent skills throughout service delivery in all aspects of the case Implementing the use of permanency pacts for all crossover youth

18. January 2012 – CYPM Aggregate Report Highlighted Findings • Female and African-American youth are overrepresented at • a much higher rate in dually-involved populations than in • other populations, particularly in the juvenile justice system. • This is consistent with other research on the dually-involved • population. • Dually-involved youth are significantly more likely to be placed • in congregate care than other child welfare youth. They are also • more likely to receive Another Planned Permanent Living • Arrangements (APPLAs) than other child welfare youth, though this • likelihood is reduced with CYPM implementation.

19. January 2012 – CYPM Aggregate Report Highlighted Findings (cont’d) • Relative to the comparison group cases, youth impacted by CYPM • implementation are more likely to have a parent or relative as primary • caregiver, are more likely to have a connection to a positive adult, and • are more likely to be engaged with extracurricular activities. • CYPM youth, relative to the comparison group cases, are being identified • earlier, are more likely to be handled using promising practices (i.e. special • units, one judge/one family, MDT, etc.), are more likely to receive joint • assessment, and are less likely to be detained following arrest. • CYPM youth are also more likely to receive child welfare services within • 30 days of being identified than comparison group youth.

20. June 2012 – CYPM Aggregate Report Highlighted Findings (cont’d) • Girls are overrepresented compared to the juvenile justice population • African-American youth are overrepresented compared to child welfare and juvenile justice populations • Additionally: • CYPM youth are more likely to live at home, but also slightly more • likely to live in congregate care, than pre-CYPM youth. • CYPM youth were less likely to live at home at the six month tracking • point than at the time of arrest, which may be due to youth crossing • over through pathways 2, 3, and 4, and therefore could removed from • the home after formally crossing over.

21. June 2012 – CYPM Aggregate Report Highlighted Findings (cont’d) • CYPM youth are more likely to have "remain at home" and less • likely to have PPLA as their permanency plan than pre-CYPM youth • and general child welfare population youth.  • CYPM youth are less likely to be detained at the time of arrest • than pre-CYPM youth. • CYPM youth are more likely to receive diversion than pre-CYPM • or general juvenile justice population youth. • CYPM youth were less likely to have a new arrest six months after • identification than pre-CYPM youth. CYPM youth are less likely • than pre-CYPM youth to have a new sustained petition.