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Anatomy of Bone & Joint Types

Anatomy of Bone & Joint Types. Anatomy & Physiology Mrs. Halkuff. Compact Bone Under A Microscope. Mature bone cells are called osteocytes . Compact bone shows a definite pattern of arrangement. Lamellae : Concentric rings formed around canals.

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Anatomy of Bone & Joint Types

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  1. Anatomy of Bone &Joint Types Anatomy & Physiology Mrs. Halkuff

  2. Compact Bone Under A Microscope • Mature bone cells are called osteocytes. • Compact bone shows a definite pattern of arrangement. • Lamellae: Concentric rings formed around canals. • Haversian Canal: Chanel through which blood vessels run.

  3. Lacunae: Cavity where osteocytes live. Formed when matrix hardened. • Volkmann’s Canal: Connects Haversian Canals. • Canaliculi: Connect Lacunae

  4. Osteon

  5. Joints • A joint is where two bones meet. • Also called an articulation • 3 Types of joints: • Fibrous • Cartilaginous • Synovial

  6. Fibrous Joints • Two bones meet; no movement is produced. • Ex. Sutures in the skull

  7. Cartilaginous Joints • Slight movement occurs • Ex. Where spine and ribs attach

  8. Synovial Joints • Have bursae filled with fluid and allow for a great range of motion. • Saddle Joint- concave/convex • Ball & Socket Joint- Head fits into groove. • Gliding Joint- small bones that move or glide past each other to allow quick movement.

  9. More Synovial Joints • Hinge Joint: Allows bending & straightening. • Pivot Joint: Allow rotation around an axis. • Condyloid Joint: Allow movement but no rotation.

  10. Classification • Synarthroses: No movement • Amphiarthroses: Slight movement • Diarthroses: Freely moveable

  11. Disorders • Arthritis – refers to more than 100 different forms of joint pain and inflammation • 1 in 7 Americans has some form of it. • Osteoarthritis: “wear and tear” – breakdown of cartilage, bone spurs form – treat pain and encourage activity to maintain mobility • Rheumatoid arthritis: autoimmune version – chronic inflammation mostly of wrists, fingers, ankles and feet • Gouty arthritis: uric acid crystals in soft tissue – often strikes the big toe

  12. Osteoporosis: breaking down of bone leading to possible fractures • Rickets – softening of bones in children due to calcium deficiencies. • OsteogenesisImperfecta: AKA brittle bone disease • Bones fracture easily and child does not grow to normal stature • Lordosis, Kyphosis and scoliosis: Abnormal curvatures of the spine

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