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Attention Defict

Attention Defict . Hyperactivity Disorder. (ADHD). Researched and Created by Katie Osier Bamberg High School. What is ADHD?. Neurobiological brain disorder Begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood 90% of cases are genetic Discovered in 1902 by Dr. George Still.

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Attention Defict

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  1. Attention Defict Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Researched and Created by Katie Osier Bamberg High School

  2. What is ADHD? • Neurobiological brain disorder • Begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood • 90% of cases are genetic • Discovered in 1902 by Dr. George Still

  3. Types of ADHD • Three different subtypes of ADHD • inattentive • hyper-impulse activity • combined type • ADHD is a disorder with hyperactivity • ADD is a disorder without hyperactivity

  4. Characteristics: inability to pay attention to details listening problems distractibility short term memory deficits Katie’s Comments: My symptoms were distractibility and short term memory deficits. I was bossy and my feeling were easily hurt when I was a child. I was diagnosed in 5th grade and put on medication. Within in three weeks, I improved significantly. Before that I hated to go to school. I had some therapy with the school counselor to build up my self-esteem because I thought I was stupid and wasn’t smart anymore because of my memory. I was tested for learning disabilities and found that I do not have a learning disability but I am ADD. Inattentive ADHD

  5. ADHD with Hyperactivity • Characteristics: • blurting out answers before hearing the full question • difficulty taking turns • can’t sit still for more than a few minutes • talks excessively

  6. What causes ADHD? • Scientists unsure what causes ADHD but have some theories: • Can be passed down from a close relative • Smoking during pregnancy may cause ADHD later in a child’s life • Watching excessive amounts of TV before the age of 2. • Neurobiological brain disorder in the lower frontal lobe reduces the power of self control and capacity to control behavior towards the future. • Environmental factors • Deficiency in brain chemicals called neuro-transmitters (dopanimen and norepinephrine) • Lower electrical activity and blood flow to areas of the brain Katie’s Comments: My ADD came from my father’s side of the family

  7. Child must display symptoms of at least 1 of the subtypes before the age of 7 Behaviors must differ from other children of the same age Behavior must last at least 6 months Behavior must occur in and negatively affect at least two areas of a child’s life Other possible explanations ruled out. Katie’s Comments: Behavior must affect home, friendships, school or daycare settings Other possible explanations for ADHD like symptoms are depression, stress-induced anxiety, child abuse and neglect, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia How is it Diagnosed?

  8. Symptoms of ADHD • Can’t sit still • Excessive talking • Doesn’t think things through • Difficulty paying attention • Does not follow instruction • Blurting out words • Hyperactivity • Social problems • Extraordinary creativity usually with underachievement • Procrastination

  9. Who Are Affected? • Boys are usually diagnosed more often than girls • Ratio is 4:1 • 3%-7% of children are affected and 4% of adults Katie’s Comments: Boys are usually diagnosed more often than girls, but it is felt that girls have the condition just as much as boys, but do not display the hyperactivity.

  10. Can not be cured Medication may be required like Ritalin, Adderall, Concerta Behavioral modification Psychotherapy Social Skills training Organizational Skills training Katie’s Comments: ADHD students have trouble recognizing facial expressions so they need to learn how to do this in social situations. They mis-perceive what people say and do and often have to be taught to trust their own thinking. ADHD students have trouble organizing information and have to use systems like organized notebooks and “to do” lists to remember what they have to do in school and at work. Medication allows the brain to process information more accurately, but behavior modification is also needed to help control thinking. ADHD student can have very low self esteem because they often get in trouble or their grades are poor before they are diagnoses. Therapy can help build their belief in themselves. Treatment

  11. Medical Studies • Studies are currently occurring to identify ADHD genes in order to lead to improved diagnosis and treatment. • Brain analysis to determine how brain functions differently in children with ADHD versus children who do not have ADHD. The purpose is to see how medication effects different areas of the brain. • Memory testing to see how memory relates to functioning in children with ADHD.

  12. Prognosis • 15-20% of children with ADHD have reduced hyperactivity after puberty • Not fatal and is treatable. • Greater risk for addiction to drugs and alcohol for teenagers and adults not treated for ADHD • Accident prone and excessive risk taking behavior increases risk of injury. • Students with ADHD sometimes have other conditions such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder and/or Learning Disabilities.

  13. Historical significance • Until 1987 it was called Minimal Brain Dysfunction • Legally covered as a disability under IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Act) and Section 504 of the Federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Under these laws, schools are required to make accommodations when needed for students diagnosed with ADHD. Katie’s Comments: Most Common Accommodations are extended testing time if needed, ability to redo work and more practice time. Accommodatiions are listed on a 504 plan or IEP.

  14. Famous People • Galileo • Sir Isaac Newton • Mozart • Tom Cruise • Babe Ruth • Prince Charles • Abraham Lincoln • John F. Kennedy • Orville and Wilbur Wright • Albert Einstein Katie’s Comments: Some of the smartest and most successful people in the world have had ADHD symptoms or been diagnosed and treated for ADHD.

  15. How ADHD has Affected My Life... • Made me think about where I stand with my peers. How I am different and how I am alike. • Made me become more organized and learn to plan ahead. • Made me understand my own medical condition. • Given me insight into others who have this condition. • I have learned to correct my distractibility when I find myself off task. • Increased my listening skills. • I have found out how I learn. I hope you have enjoyed and learned something about ADHD! Katie Osier

  16. References • March 18, 2003; http://content.health.msn.com/content/articl/57/65964?printing=true • May 13, 2005; http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/behavior/adhd.html • May 16, 2005; http://www.addled.net/mt/archives/images/sowell.adhd_media1x.gif • May 16, 2005; http://www.kayesrx.com/pharmacy/Pill-bottle.jpg • May 17, 2005; http://www.adhdtexas.com/famouspeople.htm • May 17, 2005; http://www.th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/gif/phys/einstein_tongue.jpg • May 17, 2005; http://www.klis.com/chandler/pamphlet/adhd/What%20is%20ADHD.htm • May 23, 2005; http://add.about.com/b/a/040465.htm • May 23, 2005; http://www.kidspiks.com • Bohlmeyer, Elaine, National Association for School Psychologists, Attention Deficit Disorder, A Primer for Parents. 1998 • Sosin, David & Myra. Attention Deficit Disorder, Teacher Created Materials, Inc., 1996

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