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Objectives

Section 11.2. Your Muscular System. Objectives. Describe the functions of the three types of muscles. Explain how you can keep your muscular system healthy. Define: Atrophy- Hypertrophy- Anabolic Steroids-. Definitions:.

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Objectives

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  1. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System Objectives Describe the functions of the three types of muscles. Explain how you can keep your muscular system healthy. Define: Atrophy- Hypertrophy- Anabolic Steroids-

  2. Definitions: • *Atrophy- A condition in which muscles that cannot contract or are not used often weaken and shrink. • *Hypertrophy- An enlargement of the muscle tissue as a result from an increase in size rather than number of muscle cells. • *Anabolic Steroids- An artificial form of the male hormone testosterone that is used to increase muscle size and strength.

  3. What do your Muscles do? • Muscles move your eyes as you read. • Muscles in your chest allow you to breathe. • Muscles in your heart pump your blood. • Every time your body moves, muscles are at work.

  4. Types of Muscle 3 types of muscles • *Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle that causes movements within your body. • *Cardiac muscle is involuntary muscle that is found only in the heart. • *Skeletal muscles are the muscles that you control to do activities, such as walk or play a musical instrument. A thick strand of tissue called a tendon attaches a muscle to a bone.

  5. Types of Muscle 3 types of muscles

  6. Which type of muscle are the following? 1. 2. 3.

  7. How Muscles Work • *All muscles do work by contracting, or becoming shorter and thicker. • *Many skeletal muscles work in pairs. • *One muscle in the pair contracts to move the bone in one direction. • *Then, the other muscle in the pair contracts to move the bone back.

  8. Muscle Pairs Biceps contracted Triceps relaxed Biceps relaxed Triceps contracted

  9. The Muscular System 8 3 4 8) Biceps 5 9 9) Triceps 10 3) Trapezius 10) External oblique 11 4) Deltoid 11) Rectus abdominus 5) Pectoralis major 12) Quadriceps muscles 12

  10. Keeping Healthy • You can maintain a healthy muscular system by regularly participating in different types of exercise.

  11. Working Your Muscles • *Muscular Endurance is the amount of times a muscle can contract without getting tired. • Examples: Bench pressing a light amount of weight many times. Hiking the pill boxes. Swimming to flat island. • *Muscular Strength is the amount of force a muscle can generate 1 or 2 times. • Examples: Bench pressing a heavy weight a few times. Jumping to block a volleyball. Pitching a baseball. • Other exercises make individual fibers grow, which causes the muscles to thicken and increase in strength. • Question: What is this process called?

  12. Working Your Muscles • Other exercises make individual fibers grow, which causes the muscles to thicken and increase in strength. • Question: What is this process called?

  13. Preventing Muscle Cramps • A muscle cramp is a strong, uncontrolled muscle contraction. • To relieve a cramp, try stretching and massaging the affected area and exercising the limb gently. • Drinking plenty of water before and during exercise can help you avoid muscle cramps.

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