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Biology Core

Biology Core 9. Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems. Objectiv e B.9.1: List the five kingdoms in the previous five-kingdom classification system.

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Biology Core

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  1. Biology Core 9. Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems. Objectiv e B.9.1: List the five kingdoms in the previous five-kingdom classification system. Objective B..9.2: Identify Monera as the kingdom that branched off to form the sixth kingdom. Objective B.9.3: Name the newly established kingdom as Archaebacteria. Objective B.9.4: Explain why habitat differences led to the formation of the new kingdom. Objective B.9.5: Differentiate among the major characteristics of the six kingdoms. Additional content to be taught: • Writing scientific names accurately by using binomial nomenclature

  2. Classification of Living Things By: Karl Fernandez

  3. Taxonomy The branch of biology concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying organisms.

  4. Brief History of Classification Aristotle • Greek Philosopher • 4th Century BC (384-322 BC)

  5. Divided all organisms into 2 kingdoms: Animals and Plants

  6. Wanted to subdivide the animals by where they lived.... Air Land Text Water

  7. But how would you group this animal? Water Land Air

  8. Carolus Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) • Swedish Botanist • 18th Century • Father of Taxonomy • Developed the Binomial System

  9. Binomial System A system of naming species of organisms Binomial Nomenclature "Two Names" "System of Naming" 1. An organism is given two names in Latin 2. The first name is called the genus 3. The second name is called the species 4. Both the genus and species are either underlined or italicized 5. The genus is capitalized, while the species is not

  10. For example... Genus: homo Species: sapiens Homo sapiens

  11. Classification Categories Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

  12. Classification Categories King Kingdom Philip Phylum Came Class Over Order For Family Grandma’s Genus Soup Species

  13. Five-Kingdom System Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera

  14. Six-Kingdom System Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  15. Archaebacteria • Means “ancient bacteria” • Unicellular • Prokaryotic • Found living in harsh environments - Extreme high temperatures - High salinity (salt levels) - No oxygen (anaerobic environments) • Some are chemosynthetic autotrophs (produce their own food using inorganic substances, like sulfur) • Most are heterotrophic (obtain food from organic substances)

  16. Eubacteria • Means “true bacteria” • Unicellular • Prokaryotic • Some cause diseases - Tooth decay - Food poisoning • Both autotrophic and heterotrophic

  17. Protista (Protoctista) • Most are unicellular • Eukaryotic • Most reproduce asexually • Locomotion by cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia (“false foot”) • Includes Euglena, Paramecium, and Amoeba

  18. Fungi • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Cell walls contain material called chitin • Heterotrophic • Act as decomposers or parasites in nature • Includes molds, mildews, mushrooms, and yeast

  19. Plantae • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Cell walls contain cellulose • Photosynthetic autotrophs (produce their own food using sunlight) • Includes: - Mosses - Ferns - Gymnosperms (cone-bearing plants) - Angiosperms (flowering plants)

  20. Animalia • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Animal cells have cell membranes, not cell walls • Invertebrates (do not have a backbone) • Vertebrates (have a backbone) • Includes: - Sponges - Fish - Jellyfish - Birds - Worms - Reptiles - Sea Stars - Mammals - Insects

  21. Classify the Organisms

  22. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  23. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  24. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  25. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  26. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  27. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  28. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  29. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  30. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  31. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  32. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  33. Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria

  34. The End

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