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Factors That Influence Learning

Factors That Influence Learning. Dr. Ayers HPER 448 Western Michigan University. Learning. “…a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or training and interacting with biological processes.” (Rink, 2002, p.23). Learning Theories.

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Factors That Influence Learning

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  1. Factors That Influence Learning Dr. Ayers HPER 448 Western Michigan University

  2. Learning “…a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or training and interacting with biological processes.” (Rink, 2002, p.23)

  3. Learning Theories BehavioristExternal environment influences behaviorInformation ProcessingLearner’s internal cognitive processing influences attention, interpretation, integrationCognitiveHolistic; how learners solve problems, create, learn how to learn, apply information

  4. Stages of Motor LearningBox 2.1, p. 25 Cognitive Big idea and sequence of skill Repetition Associative Timing and coordination Feedback becomes very useful Automatic Performance becomes automatic Focus changes to environmental factors HELP Ss PROCEED THROUGH STAGES SEQUENTIALLY TO FOSTER GAME SKILLS

  5. Motor Skill Learning RequirementsBox 2.2, p. 27 Prerequisites Clear idea of the task Motivation Practice (OTR) Feedback (results, performance)

  6. Types of Motor Skills Open Environmentally influenced (layup, hitting, forehand) Closed Stable environment (free throw, shooting arrows, golf) Discrete Once with clear beginning and end (throw, catch) Serial Series of discrete skills (fielding, dribble/pass) Continuous Arbitrary beginning/ending points (swimming, running)

  7. Types of Practice Whole/Part Whole preferable overall; parts for safety/complexity Variable conditions Speed, distance, space, people Open skills: vary Closed skills: constant conditions Variable skills Pair practice of similar skills (contextual interference) Massed/Distributed Small/frequent practice sessions over time is better than one long practice session (REPETITION)

  8. Transfer of Learning Influence of one learned skill on the acquisition of other skills; can be +/-/no transfer Bilateral(one side of body to the other) Develop dominant side proficiency first Intertask(one skill to another skill) Depends on # of similar components Intratask(same skills in different conditions) Content development; developmentally appropriate progressions

  9. Cognitive DevelopmentBox 2.3, p. 38 Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development: Stage 1: Sensorimotor Stage 2: Preoperational Stage 3: Concrete operational Stage 4: Formal operational Sometimes age ≠ cognitive development

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