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Chapter 11 Biology Review

Chapter 11 Biology Review. Evolution of Populations Holt McDougal Biology. Question 1. 1. Name 3 conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium under the HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE. Answer 1.

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Chapter 11 Biology Review

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  1. Chapter 11 Biology Review Evolution of Populations Holt McDougal Biology

  2. Question 1 • 1. Name 3 conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium under the HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE. • .

  3. Answer 1 • 1. Name 3 conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium under the HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE. (any 3 are acceptable) • 1) Very large population • 2) No gene flow • 3) No mutations • 4) Random mating • 5) No natural selection

  4. Q 2 • 2. TRUE OR FALSE • Most of the time in most populations the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg DO NOT ALL EXIST. .

  5. A 2 • 2. TRUE OR FALSE • Most of the time in most populations the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg DO NOT ALL EXIST. • TRUE

  6. Q 3 . Write the name of the kind of selection shown under each graph shown below.

  7. Answer 3A (Favors BOTH extremes) 3A) DISRUPTIVE SELECTION .

  8. ANSWER 3B 3b) DIRECTIONAL SELECTION (Favors ONE extreme phenotype & shifts the graph to that direction)

  9. Answer 3 C 3C) Stabilizing Selection Favors the Intermediate phenotype & squishes the graph towards the center.

  10. Q 4 4. Genetic drift happens in populations that are _________. A) small B) Very large

  11. A 4 • 4. Genetic drift happens in populations that are _________. A) small B) Very large

  12. Q 5 • 5. The genes carried by all members of a particular population make up that population’s _____________ ___________.

  13. A 5 5. The genes carried by all members of a particular population make up that population’s __gene pool .

  14. Q 6 • 6.The process in which two species evolve in response to changes in each other is called ____________.

  15. A 6 6.The process in which two species evolve in response to changes in each other is called COEVOLUTION__.

  16. Q 7 • 7. Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species, such as when unrelated species adapt analogous structures due to similar environments, this is an example of _______________ evolution. • A) convergent B) divergent C) Fluxuant D) Coevolution

  17. A 7 • 7. Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species, such as when unrelated species adapt analogous structures due to similar environments, this is an example of _______________ evolution. • A) convergent B) divergent C) Fluxuant D) Coevolution

  18. Q 8 • 8. Name the pattern of evolution in which there are bursts of evolutionary activity in spurts followed by periods of little evoluationary change. • A) Gradualism • B) Coevolution • C) Punctuated Equilibrium • D) Hardy Weinburg Theory

  19. A 8 • 8. Name the pattern of evolution in which there are bursts of evolutionary activity in spurts followed by periods of little evoluationary change. • A) Gradualism • B) Coevolution • C) Punctuated Equilibrium • D) Hardy Weinburg Theory

  20. Q 9 • 9) The movement of alleles into or out of a population due to migration is called what ? • A) Mutation • B) Nonrandom Mating • C) Gene Flow • D) Natural Selection

  21. A 9 • 9) The movement of alleles into or out of a population due to migration is called what ? • A) Mutation • B) Nonrandom Mating • C) Gene Flow • D) Natural Selection • .

  22. Q 10 • 10) Hardy-Wienburg Equilibrium describes populations that _________. • A) are evolving • B) are not evolving • C) Both A & B • D) Neither

  23. A 10 • 10) Hardy-Wienburg Equilibrium describes populations that _________. • A) are evolving • B) are not evolving • C) Both A & B • D) Neither

  24. Q 11 • 11) When closely related species evolve in different directions by adapting to different environments, they become increasingly different through ____________evolution. • A) Convergent • B) Divergent • C) Fluxuant • D) Coevolution • E) None of above .

  25. A 11 • 11) When closely related species evolve in different directions by adapting to different environments, they become increasingly different through ____________evolution. • A) Convergent • B) Divergent • C) Fluxuant • D) Coevolution • E) None of above .

  26. Q 15 • 15. Darwin believed in the idea that evolution happened slowly over a long period of time called __________. • A. punctuated equilibrium • B. gradualism • C. symbiosis • D. mass extinction

  27. A 15 • 15. Darwin believed in the idea that evolution happened slowly over a long period of time called __________. • A. punctuated equilibrium • B. gradualism • C. symbiosis • D. mass extinction

  28. Q 16 • 16. The last test in Biology class was extremely hard. A graph of the scores shows a bell shaped curve with the average score being a 68% D. The teacher curves the test scores so that the new class average is a 77% C. The graph that shows this change would look similar to a graph showing which kind of selection? • A) Disruptive • B) Directional • C) Stabilizing

  29. A 16 • 16. The last test in Biology class was extremely hard. A graph of the scores shows a bell shaped curve with the average score being a 68% D. The teacher curves the test scores so that the new class average is a 77% C. The graph that shows this change would look similar to a graph showing which kind of selection? • A) Disruptive • B) Directional (b/c it causes a shift in the score) • C) Stabilizing

  30. Q 17 • 17) A change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell is called a(n) ____________________. • A) recombination • B) Mutation • C) Mutalation • D) polygenic trait • E) None of above

  31. A 17 • 17) A change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell is called a(n) ____________________. • A) recombination • B) Mutation • C) Mutalation • D) polygenic trait • E) None of above

  32. Q 18 • 18) True or False: “In genetic drift, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of chance”.

  33. A 18 • 18) True or False: “In genetic drift, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of chance”. • TRUE

  34. Q 19 • 19) The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called • A) Bottleneck effect • B) Founder effect • C) Natural Selection • D) Stabiliizing selection

  35. A 19 • 19) The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called • A) Bottleneck effect • B) Founder effect • C) Natural Selection • D) Stabiliizing selection

  36. Q 20 • 20) What is the definition of a SPECIES?

  37. A 20 • 20) What is the definition of a SPECIES? • - A group of similar organisms that can REPRODUCE to have FERTILE OFFSPRING.

  38. Q 21 • 21) True or False: “ In natural selection, it is environmental changes that do the selecting”

  39. A 21 • TRUE

  40. Q 22 • 22) The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water is called ___________. • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation

  41. A 22 • 22) The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water is called ___________. • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation

  42. Q 23 23) What type of isolation exists when timing prevents reproduction between 2 population? • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation .

  43. A 23 • 23) What type of isolation exists when timing prevents reproduction between 2 population? • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation .

  44. Q 24 • 24) What type of isolation is caused by differences in courtship or mating behaviors? • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation .

  45. A 24 • 24) What type of isolation is caused by differences in courtship or mating behaviors? • A) Behavioral Isolation • B) Temporal Isolation • C) Geographic Isolation .

  46. Q 25 • 25) The formation of new species is called -__________________

  47. A 25 • 25) The formation of new species is called Speciation.

  48. Q 26 • 26) When the range of phenotypes becomes narrower and the number of individuals with characteristics near the middle of the range increases, _____________________selection results. • Stabilizing • Directional C) Disruptive D) Normal distribution E) Fluxuant

  49. A 26 • 26) When the range of phenotypes becomes narrower and the number of individuals with characteristics near the middle of the range increases, _____________________selection results. • Stabilizing • Directional C) Disruptive D) Normal distribution E) Fluxuant

  50. Q 27 27) _________________is a measure of how common a certain allele is in the population. • A) Gene Pool • B) Genotype • C) Allele Frequency • D) Gene Frequency

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