CIDA and Crisis Prevention and Recovery

1. CIDA and Crisis Prevention and Recovery

2. Ways of viewing Crises and Recovery • Bilateral Programmes (NB: prevention), including the offices in HQ and the field • Support to INGOs, CSOs, etc. • Multilateralism: International Humanitarian Assistance

3. International Humanitarian Assistance(IHA)Overview of the presentation • IHA mandate and activities • Expenditures and partners • IHA: how we work • Working with the field

4. CIDA humanitarian response Who does what?

5. International Assistance Envelope 2002-2003A little more than $ 2.3 Billion

6. International Humanitarian Assistance Program- Mandate To help ease human suffering resulting from conflicts and natural disasters in developing countries by providing an appropriate, timely, and effective on-site response

7. Americas (24 projects) 6.4% Central & Eastern Europe (44 projects) 21.8% Asia (57 projects) 30.1% Africa (85 projects) 41.8% IHA Disbursements by Geographic AreaFY2000-2001

8. Disaster Preparedness C$2,529,724 Special Projects 2.5% C$1,399,044 Natural Disasters 1.4% C$13,383,567 Core 13.4% C$33,500,000 33.6% Complex Emergencies C$48,812,266 49.0% IHA Disbursements by Sector FY 00-01$ 99,625,601

9. Other Government Dept. C$200,029 Other 0.2% C$310,549 NGOs 0.3% C$21,990,144 22.1% United Nations & multilateral organisations Red Cross C$56,739,080 C$20,384,800 57.0% 20.5% IHA Disbursement Channels 2000-2001

10. International Humanitarian AssistanceOperational framework • Response to resquests for emergency relief submitted by organizations entitled to funding (eligible organizations must have established their capacity to respond in the region concerned) • Work in close cooperation with United Nations organizations and agencies, the Red Cross movement and Canadian NGOs

11. International Humanitarian AssistanceFunding to address basic human needs • Short-term assistance • Health, nutrition, water, sanitation, shelter, and other essential needs • Long-term assistance • Care, maintenance, eventual repatriation and reintegration of refugees and displaced persons • Disaster prevention • Institutional support for multilateral organizations (UNHCR, UNRWA, OCHA, ICRC, IFRC)

12. International Humanitarian AssistanceActivities not funded by the IHA Program • Search and rescue teams • Independent specialists • Cost of transporting unsolicited new or used goods (clothing, medecine, shoes, toys, canned goods, etc.) • Rehabilitation and reconstruction activities • Other (multi-year projects, food aid, institutional support for NGOs)

13. International Humanitarian AssistanceIHA Program process Appeal ______ Consultation ---------

14. In the event of a new disaster Information monitoring and needs assessment Media, Q&A, status report, appeal for assistance Contacts & activation Emergency Operations Support Centre (EOSC) DFAIT (AGH, country desk at CIDA and in the field) Task force Humanitarian partners (UN, Red Cross, NGOs) Decision making Type of Canadian response (financial, material, CHART) Budget allocated and partners (IHA, Canada Fund) Consultation Implementation / Delivery Logistical and/or administrative process and disbursements Communication, announcement Follow-up

15. What is expected from the field Before • Background information (UNDMT contingency plan, National response plan, political and security situation) During • Sitreps on Hum. Situation, Agencies and Donors • Recommendations on proposals and appeals • Contact with main partners • Communication / Representation • Canada fund for local initiatives After • Follow up

16. Humanitarian Action,Challenges and Dilemmas

17. Context • Widening gap between needs and resources (persistent conflicts, growing number of natural disasters, leveling of funding allocated to IHA Program) • Erosion of humanitarian values and principles • Politisation and Bilateralisation of humanitarian assistance • “Professionalization” of humanitarian activities • Several governments have improved their responses to emergency situations • The public expects Canada to respond quickly and effectively

18. Challenges • Questioning of humanitarian principles that must be defended. Impartiality, Neutrality, Universality, IHL, Refugee law (non refoulement) • Should Canada supports Hum. Assistance in Zimbabwe? • Canada’s recent position on Afghan refugees with Pakistan! • What should be DND « humanitaran » role in Afghanistan? • Resist the CNN effect and how its affects the Distribution of funding(e.g. Kosovo versus Sierra Leone) How to address the forgotten crisis ? • Need to strengthen a weak international humanitarian system (Weak coordination, politisation, Underfunding)

19. Challenges Cont’d • Reduce the GAP: Institutional, budgetary, and functional barriers between humanitarian assistance, reconstruction efforts, and development assistance • More attention to disaster mitigation and preparedness measures in development policy framework

20. The Human Imperative Every possible step must be taken to prevent or alleviate suffering caused by conflicts or disasters, and to provide the protection and assistance to which the affected civilian populations are entitled