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The Eukaryotic Cell is clearly developed from Prokaryotic cell

The Eukaryotic Cell is clearly developed from Prokaryotic cell. Mitochondrion and Chloroplast have similar evolutionary origin. Both are descendants of a prokaryotic cell. Own DNA-naked and circular Own ribosomes, proteins, and transport systems Divide on their own Double membrane

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The Eukaryotic Cell is clearly developed from Prokaryotic cell

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  1. The Eukaryotic Cell is clearly developed from Prokaryotic cell • Mitochondrion • and • Chloroplast • have similar evolutionary origin. Both are descendants of a prokaryotic cell. • Own DNA-naked and circular • Own ribosomes, proteins, and transport systems • Divide on their own • Double membrane • Independent or dependent?

  2. The Eukaryotic Cell is clearly developed from Prokaryotic cell • Similar in appearance. • Both functions in the aerobic part of aerobic cellular respiration (vs. anaerobic)

  3. How did biologists solve the puzzle? • Comparisons of SSU-rRNA from mitochondria and plastids indicate that the closest relatives of mitochondria are the alpha proteobacteria group, and that cyanobacteria are the closest relatives of plastids.

  4. Eukaryotic Diversity • Eukaryotes probably evolved when O2 revolution started

  5. In depth Comparison Between a Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Eukaryotic 10-100 um 2 um

  6. Similarities of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cell • They both have DNA as their genetic material. • They are both membrane bound. • They both have ribosomes . • They have similar basic metabolism . • They are both amazingly diverse in forms.

  7. Differences of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cell Prokaryotic Eukaryotic (10x bigger) • Nucleoid region which is not membrane-bound • The DNA of prokaryotes floats freely around the cell • Less specialized organelles • Less DNA content • Isoprene and peptidoglycan cell wall • With nucleus and mem brane-bound organelles • The DNA of eukaryotes is held within its nucleus. • Highly specialized organelles • Extensive DNA content • Chitinous, cellolusic cell wall or none.

  8. The Kingdom Protista- Protists are eukaryotes that are not members of the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, and Fungi

  9. Plant-like Protists • Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow to harvest and use the energy from sunlight • Euglenophytes (Euglenophyta) are plant-like protists that have two flagella but no cell wall • About half of dinoflagellates (Pyrrophyta) are photosynthetic; the other half live as heterotrophs • Members of the phylum Chrysophyta are a diverse group of plant-like protists that have gold-colored chloroplasts • Diatoms produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in silicon (Si)—the main ingredient in glass

  10. Euglena

  11. Pyrodinium

  12. Ceratium

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