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THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC. Group Members: Despina Mertzios Martina Sedmak Lenka Strakova Ekaterina Zarovsky. CONTENTS. Introduction: The Czech Republic The World Bank Group and the IMF EIB and EBRD NGO‘s.

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THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

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  1. THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Group Members: Despina Mertzios Martina Sedmak Lenka Strakova Ekaterina Zarovsky

  2. CONTENTS • Introduction: The Czech Republic • The World Bank Group and the IMF • EIB and EBRD • NGO‘s

  3. 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC • 1st January 1993 • area: 78,864 km2 • population: 10.3 million • density: 130 inhabitants/km2 • 3 historical territories

  4. 1. LOCATION IN CEE

  5. 1. REGIONAL STRUCTURE

  6. 1. SETTLEMENT STRUCTURE • highly diversified and dispersed across the territory • sub – urbanisation • urban population: 70,9 % • non - urban population: 29,1 %

  7. 1. POPULATION (I) • decrease in population - low number of births Development of Population in the Czech Republic in 1991 – 2000

  8. 1. POPULATION (II) • life expectancy – growing • ageing of population • national structure - relatively homogenous

  9. 1. INFRASTRUCTURE • transport infrastructure: • highways, roads, railway network density vs. quality

  10. 1. MACRO-ECONOMIC DATA (I) 1. GDP growth(significant decrease at the beginning of 90’s; recovery of economic growth from 1993; economic slowdown in 1997; economic growth since 1999 onwards)

  11. 1. MACRO-ECONOMIC DATA (II) 2. Inflation(2 price shocks - 1991 and 1993)

  12. 1. MACRO-ECONOMIC DATA (III) 3. Unemployment(appeared at the beginning of transformation process; low between 1992-1996; growth since 1997)

  13. Unemployment rate in % 1. MACRO-ECONOMIC DATA (IV) 4. Regional unemployment: October 2003

  14. 2. INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (IBRD) • Czechoslovak Government's reform programin 1991 - SAL US$450 million (macroeconomic stabilization and structural reforms) • modernization of individual sectors (incl. energy and telecommunication sectors) • Global Environment Facility (GEF) grants • power plant has been built in Kyjov

  15. 2. IBRD (I) Source: The World Bank, Project Statistics in the EU Accession Countries:  Lending Activities by Accessing Countries between 1989 and 2002

  16. 2. IBRD (II) Things to be done: • to reduce the fiscal deficit • to reduce unemployment as well as regional disparities and differences in unemployment levels across the country • tofinish the restructuring and privatisation of major enterprises • to complete the reform of the pension and social benefit systems and finalization of the resolution of the bad assets

  17. 2. INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION (IFC) • member of IFC in 1993 • total project costs: US$1762 m (18 projects) • strategic priorities were: privatization and restructuring, providing long-term financing for first- and second-tier local firms in sectors, institution-building, infrastructure, environmental clean-up investments and SME’s • privatisation and modernization of MOKRA(1992) • construction material sector- CEMBRIT • invested US$75 mand mobilized US$150 m to support restructuring NOVA HUT(1997) • its role is diminishing

  18. 2. MIGA, IDA, ICSID • MIGA - issued a US$4.9 million guarantee to Raiffeisen-Leasing GmbH of Austria for € 5.4 million non- shareholder loan to Raiffeisen Leasing BOT s.r.o in the Czech Republic (2003) • IDA – the Czech Republic is a donor • ICSID - Case No. ARB/97/4 CSOB Bank, a.s.v. Slovak Republic

  19. 2. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF) • membership on January 1, 1993 • a stand-by loan (US$471 million) • purpose: to address short-term problems in balance of payments • 1995 - entire IMF debt had been repaid ahead of schedule • monetary crisis in 1997 (CZK was not devaluated to the extent expected) • in 1999 the CNB occasionally intervened to prevent the appreciation of the CZK • cooperation between the IMF and the Czech Republic is ongoing

  20. 2. CRITICISM ON THE IMF • voting in the organization is based on the amount of member contributions to IMF funds • the conditions for receiving IMF assistance: unfair or harmful • the structural funds or conditionality required for assistance are set up to maintain a dependent relationship between the economically developed countries and others

  21. 2. CONCLUSION • pre-graduation arrangements with the World Bank • ongoing relations with the IMF • main roles: • IMF - to promote international financial stability and the macroeconomic stability of member countries • WB - to help countries reduce poverty, particularly by focusing on the institutional, structural, and social dimensions of development • each institution needs to focus on its respective core tasks but working together where their responsibilities overlap

  22. 3. EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK (EIB) • set up in 1958 • EIB is an autonomous institution within the EU • enlargement as one of the objectives • participant in the EU‘s development and cooperation policies in about 150 countries

  23. 3. EIB LOANS TO THE CZECH REPUBLIC SINCE 1990 (I)

  24. 3. EIB LOANS TO THE CZECH REPUBLIC SINCE 1990 (II)

  25. 3. EIB AND RESULTS FOR THE CZECH REPUBLIC • EIB projects: always in conjunction with others • responsible for grant aid - ISPA and SAPARD • implementation of different schemes

  26. 3. EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD) • established in 1991 • helps building market economies and democracies in 27 countries • largest single investor the region • project financing for banks, industries and businesses • supports privatisation and restructuring state-owned firms

  27. 3. EBRD‘s PORTFOLIO IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

  28. 3. EBRD AND RESULTS FOR THE CZECH REPUBLIC • 80% of economic activity in private hands • GDP growth is good despite weak economic performance of export markets • in 2002 FDI of US$ 9 billion • still a number of reforms are needed to further enhance the competitiveness

  29. 4. NGO‘s • what is an NGO • important for the community • important for the companies

  30. 4. NGO‘s IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • breakdown of communism • fields of action • types of institutions • sources of financing

  31. 4. FIELDS OF ACTION • human rights • buliding democratic system and installing democratic values, elections • making connections with Western Europe • lobbying for both government and foreign interests • education • media • environment • corporate social responsability in business

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