Taking a Stand in History:

1. Taking a Stand in History: People, Ideas, Events Marsha Ingrao, Instructional Consultant marshai@tcoe.org

2. Internet Research Session #1

3. Norms • Use words and actions that are respectful. • Communicate with both yourself and others in mind. • Encourage the exchange of ideas. • Listen attentively with the intention to understand.

4. Four Corners • Move to the corner that matches your topic: • A. Have several topics in mind • B. Have an American topic • C. Have a modern world topic • D. Have a middle ages or ancient history topic • Briefly state your name, your topic, what made you choose it, when it took place, and why you think it is important in history.

5. Agenda • Step One: Choose Topic • Analyze NHD Theme • Topic Selection • Thesis Writing • Step Two : Begin Researching • Secondary Sources Online • Primary Sources Online • Internet Quality Check • Step Three: Documentation • Bibliography • Process Paper

6. Step Two: Begin Researching Deena Craighead • ERS resources available to History Day participants • HTTP://WWW.ERSLIBRARY.ORG

7. Overall View: Secondary Sources • Use your computer to learn about your topic from internet sources. • Brain Pop • EBSCO • Streaming Video • Grokker links to World Book and Wikipedia • Wikipedia available in simple English and in more than one language

8. Using Sources • Take notes as you read. • Cut and paste articles into Cornell Note Form for ease of reading. • If you cut and paste make sure you put quotation marks. • Summarize what you read. • Use Citation Machine to record bibliographical information. http://citationmachine.net/

10. Step One: Choose Topic • Pick Your Topic • Do you like: p. 19 • Political history? (presidents, kings, queens) • Military history? (battles, weapons, leaders) • Social history? (how ordinary people lived?) • Do I want to research something I know? • Narrow the topic • Topic Selection Worksheet • P. 94-95 for ideas

11. Topic Selection Worksheet

12. Research Strategy Worksheet Answer questions 2-4

13. Thesis Statement • Write your thesis statement. • Explain how your topic is tied to the theme. • Explain why your topic is significant or important. (P. 12-13) • Taking an ideological stand to speak out about beliefs and opinions • Taking a defensive stand against something perceived to be a personal threat or public menace • Taking a protective stand on the belief of another person or group of people

14. Step Two: Begin Research • Start with secondary sources to get the overall view. • Check for quality

15. Evaluating Web Sources • What is the domain? • edu=education • Gov=government • Org=organization • Com=commercial • ~=personal page example: .edu/~lincoln • Credentials of the author • Name of organization • Websites that link to your site

16. Remember Zack! • The Web – “Teaching Zack to Think” • http://www.anovember.com/articles/zack.html

17. Teaching Zack • AB Partners • A’s read first paragraph • B’s reflect or summarize. • B’s read second paragraph • A’s reflect or summarize. • Continue reading in this pattern.

18. Partner Reflection • Workers need tools to do a job well. The internet is one tool historians can use to learn about a subject. Discuss with a partner. • How is the internet a useful tool? • What might some of the dangers be in using the internet?

19. Computer Advantages • Students can access much information quickly. • Websites introduce students to encyclopedias and primary sources. • Email allows students to communicate quickly with people around the world. • Universities, museums, public television, newspapers design sites for classroom teachers.

20. Computer Drawbacks • The mistaken belief that if it can be searched on Google, it is true. • Many sources cannot be put into electronic form. • It is easy to plagiarize material.

21. Examples of Secondary Sources • Reference Books • Popular magazines • History Textbooks • General Historical Works • The American Historical Association’s Guide to Historical Literature (http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/doemoff/history/sources.html) • Journal Articles • Journal of American History (http://www.indiana.edu/~jah/)

22. Helpful American Websites • Library of Congress www.loc.gov • National Archives and Records Administration www.nara.org • WebQuest to focus on a specific topic. http://webquest.org • FirstGov for Kids a portal that links to Federal and private kids’ sites grouped by subject http://www.kids.gov/

23. Helpful International Websites • H-Net network, an international network for discussions on various topics about histories of countries and continents worldwide. www.h-net.org • This is a portal that links to many history websites. www.besthistorysites.net

24. Internet Primary Sources • Documents: National Union Catalogue of Manuscript Collections • Audio: Songs, Hymns, Oral History Interviews: American Memory Project of the Library of Congress • Visual: Photographs, Paintings, Films, Sculptures American Memory Project of the Library of Congress • Tools, Machines, Furniture, and other Artifacts: museums, historical societies, historical sites, antique stores, flea market, grandparent’s attic. • Government Records, Census Data: National Archives, Geostat Center • Newspapers and Magazines: erslibrary.org Making of America project • Court Procedings: Find Law

25. Step Three: Documentation • Prepare Annotated Bibliography as you go. Use Citation Machine to make it easier. http://citationmachine.net/ • The Process Paper is like a diary only condensed. Keep it up as you go along, then weed it out.

26. Prepare for Step 4 • You have started Steps One –Three tonight. • If you have a computer, these steps may be time consuming, but they are convenient. • By now you know a little about your subject. The next steps will make you an expert.

27. School • From your school you can start searching for research at: • School Library • ERS Media Library • History Textbooks

28. Local Library • Public Library (local historic photos available online) • Librarians – a great resource • Reference books • General historical works • Internet access • Videos • Historical novels • News clippings of local events • Special collections • Historical monographs (A scholarly piece of writing of essay or book length on a specific, often limited subject. )

29. University Libraries • Librarians – (can make searching go faster) • Historical Atlasses • Popular magazines • Previous studies on your topic

30. Use Primary Sources • Learn about your topic using primary sources. • Primary Sources are documents that are created by: • people who participated in the events or; • people who witnessed the event.

31. Types of Primary Sources • Written Documents (diaries, memos, reports, deeds, wills, official records, personal records) • Photographs • Cartoons • Posters • Maps • Artifacts • Sound recordings • Motion pictures

32. Topic Selection Worksheet Answer questions 4-5

33. Summer Institute • ATTENTION TEACHERS: National History Day Is holding the second summer institute in Williamsburg, VA.