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Conceptualising tourism policy: Sceptical notes

Conceptualising tourism policy: Sceptical notes Re-conceptualising tourism policy: Institutionalist perspectives Tourism policy and knowledge dynamics: A comparative perspective.

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Conceptualising tourism policy: Sceptical notes

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  1. Conceptualising tourism policy: Sceptical notes Re-conceptualising tourism policy: Institutionalist perspectives Tourism policy and knowledge dynamics: A comparative perspective Tourism Policy and Knowledge Processes in Tourism DevelopmentTheoretical reflections and preliminary Results from a Comparative Study of European destinations • Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, halkier@ihis.aau.dk

  2. CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Widespread typologies (Fayos-Solá, Hall) • generational approach • boosterism, economic, community, sustainable • multi-dimensional ideal-types A certain unease • not with the sources but with application • discursive ‘game of labels’ • over-looking variation and contradictions

  3. RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Points of departure • new institutionalism (North) • network theory (Rhodes) • discourse analysis (Åkerstrøm Andersen) • policy analysis (Hogwood, Hood) Point of reference • institutionalist approach to regional policy • H Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional Development, Peter Lang 2006

  4. Economic & socio-cultural environment Public actors Private actors Cultural patterns Discursive terrain Political environment Public actors Private actors Discursive terrain Implementing organisation Political sponsor Organisation Policy design Policy target Firms Organisations Public authorities Tourists PROBLEM DEFINITION POLICY OUTCOME RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Source: Inspired by inter alia Ham & Hill, Jenkins, Sabatier, Parsons, Winter – Elaborated on the basis of Henrik Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional Development, Brussels: PIE Peter Lang, 2006, chapter 3.

  5. Organisation State/region Sponsoring Aims Socio- economic context DMO Targets Tourists Destination Strategy Instruments Competitors Resources Knowledge RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Focus on three central relations • the destination and its political, social, economic contexts • the destination and its destination management organisation (DMO) • the DMO and it targets among firms, workforce, tourists, institutions

  6. Tourism policies comparedCASE STUDIES EURODITE contributions 2005-2010 • network researching regional knowledge dynamics • focus on seven selected sectors, including tourism • sectoral / territorial / firm-level knowledge dynamics • read more: www.eurodite.bham.ac.uk Five case studies in tourism • North Jutland, Denmark: All-year tourism, museums • Ruhr, Germany: Industrial heritage, football • Antalya, Turkey: Coastal tourism, football • Achterhoek, Netherlands: Rural tourism • Skaane, Sweden: Film tourism

  7. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 1

  8. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 2 Denmark Germany Netherlands EU average Turkey

  9. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 2 Denmark Turkey Sweden Netherlands Germany

  10. Tourism policies comparedSTRATEGIC AIMS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  11. Tourism policies comparedPOLICY TARGETS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  12. Tourism policies comparedPOLICY INSTRUMENTS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  13. Tourism policies comparedPOLICY GOVERNANCE Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  14. Tourism policies comparedKNOWLEDGE IMPACT Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  15. Tourism policies comparedCONCLUSIONS Policy patterns in case studies • focus on development of new services • target critical knowledge resources • knowledge-intensive policies • synthetic knowledge predominate Scope for policy development • creative market intelligence • extra-regional sources of knowledge • skills development of DMOS and SMEs • networking, evaluation ….

  16. For draft written paper e-mail halkier@ihis.aau.dk Tourism Policy and Knowledge Processes in Tourism DevelopmentTheoretical reflections and preliminary Results from a Comparative Study of European destinations • Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, halkier@ihis.aau.dk

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