Cell Activity Videos

1. Cell Activity Videos Additional Videos 1) Plant Cells Meiosis 2) Mitosis Mitosis 2 Mitosis 3 3) Phagocytosis 4) Listeria Exocytosis 2 Exocytosis 3 5) Neutrophil 6) Exocytosis Bacteria 2 7) Bacteria Learning Set 2 : Lesson 2 : Slide 1 Optional

2. Where are proteins in our bodies? Testing for Protein Where are proteins in chicken parts? Learning Set 2 : Lesson 2 : Slide 1

3. body tissue epidermis Special Skin Cells Make Melanin melanocytes epidermis cells Melanosomes- organelles containing melanin found in melanocytes and other skin cells. Other skin cells How is melanin made inside the melanocytes? Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 2

4. Melanin (black dots) taken up by skin cells called keratinocytes “Octopus” like arms of Melanocyte cell Melanocyte Other skin cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 3

5. Looking inside a melanosome Large protein molecule called Tyrosinase. It is special type of protein that assists chemical reactions in the body. Other skin cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 4

6. Tyrosine- small molecule. Building block needed to build melanin. Oxygen Looking inside a melanosome O O First step in making melanin: Reaction between two molecules, one tyrosine and one O2 to make a new molecule (called DOPA) Other skin cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 5

7. How can a large protein molecule like the Tyrosinase help to start the chemical reactions that form melanin? O O Oxygen Tyrosine • Other skin cells Tyrosinase Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 6

8. Tyrosinase helps to position the molecules so that they can react. Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 7

9. Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 8 Tyrosinase(protein) O • nuc New Molecule Skin cell Other proteins help turn the new molecule (called DOPA) into melanin. Other skin cells

10. What happened to Sammy Sosa? Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 9

11. Ponds Skin Lightening CreamWhat is the message of this ad? www.advertolog.com/ponds-5419455/print-outdoor/swan-7423605/ Learning Set 2 : Lesson 3 : Slide 10

12. Lactose intolerance • Cannot break down lactose, a sugar found in dairy products • Instead, bacteria in the intestine break down the lactose, producing gas • Most children can break down lactose • Most adults in the world cannot break down lactose - making them lactose intolerant Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 11

13. Cells in Small Intestine Break Down Lactose Lactose from diet Lactose brought into intestine cells intestine cells small intestine Lactose broken down How is lactose broken down in intestine cells? Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 12

14. Looking inside small intestine cells lactose galactose glucose Small intestine cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 13

15. Looking inside small intestine cells How does the shape of the large protein molecule Lactase help the chemical reaction that forms glucose from lactose? lactase lactose Small intestine cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 14

16. Looking inside small intestine cells lactase glucose galactose Small intestine cells Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 15

17. Lactose intolerance? Is it really an illness or are we victims of false advertising? inventorspot.com www.pcrm.org/newsletter/jun05/milk_ad.html Learning Set 2 : Lesson 4 : Slide 16

18. Protein Models Cartoon Model Space-filling Model Backbone Model Learning Set 2 : Lesson 6 : Slide 17

19. PROTEIN STRUCTURE A protein Learning Set 2 : Lesson 6 : Slide 18

20. PROTEIN STRUCTURE Amino Acid Chain When amino acids form a long chain, the chain folds and makes a protein. The amino acids cause the protein to twist and bend, as shown on the left. Chain of amino acids folded into a protein. Learning Set 2 : Lesson 6 : Slide 19

21. ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS Circle that portion of each molecule that is the same in every molecule. Adapted from Carolina Supply Company Learning Set 2 : Optional Lesson: Slide 20

22. Basic structure of an amino acid BASIC STRUCTURE OF AN AMINO ACID Learning Set 2 : Optional Lesson: Slide 21

23. AMINO ACID STRUCTURE ALANINE Learning Set 2: Optional Lesson: Slide 22

24. Chemical Structure: Chains and Rings Tryptophan Learning Set 2: Optional Lesson: Slide 23

25. ASSEMBLY OF AMINO ACIDS Learning Set 2 : Lesson 7 : Slide 24

26. Protein Models…again Learning Set 2 : Lesson 7 : Slide 25

27. Key to Toobers • Red = positive charge (+) • K, R, H • Yellow = negative charge (-) • D, E • Green = hydrophobic • A, V, L, I, P, M, F, W • Blue = hydrophilic • G, S, T, N, Q, Y Learning Set 2 : Lesson 7 : Slide 26

28. Toober Model (Step 1) Learning Set 2 : Lesson 7 : Slide 27

29. Lactase Amino Acid Sequence Learning Set 2 : Lesson 7 : Slide 28

30. Preparing a Gel Holes for samples to be tested gel Image from powerful microscope Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 29

31. Put Protein Sample in Holes Pipet with solution of proteins Lots of different sized proteins Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 30

32. Samples We Want to Test lactase tyrosinase Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 31

33. Adding Electricity to the Electrodes Negatively charged proteins move towards positive electrode Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 32

34. Proteins Move Based on Size lactase tyrosinase Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 33

35. Record Data with a Picture Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 34

36. Lactase Sample for 3 Different People Lactose intolerance: No ??? ??? Should person 2 drink milk? Person 3? Explain your reasoning. Learning Set 2 : Lesson 8 : Slide 35