Global High-performance Networking and TransPAC2

1. Global High-performance Networking and TransPAC2 James Williams Indiana University TransPAC2 Principal Investigator williams@indiana.edu

2. Topics To Be Discussed • TransPAC2 overview • TransPAC2 architecture and engineering goals • TransPAC2 service goals • 2005 plan • Coordination opportunities • Asian politics

3. The TransPAC2 Project • Follow-on to the TransPAC project • Funded by the US National Science Foundation (SCI-0441096) • US partners are Indiana University and Internet2 • Asian partner is APAN • About $1M/year in funding for 5 years • Encourages scientific collaboration between researchers in Asia and the US

4. TransPAC2 Architectural Goals • Continue high-performance connectivity across the Pacific Ocean [OC-192 connection between US and Tokyo] • Enhance connectivity by assisting in the development of an intra-Asia backbone [Tokyo-Hong Kong-Singapore] or beyond

5. TransPAC2 Architecture

6. TransPAC2 Engineering Topology • TransPAC2 OC-192 connects APAN Tokyo XP with TransPAC2 router in Los Angeles • LA TransPAC2 router maintains BGP peering with North American R&E Networks • Connectivity in US via Pacific Wave Ethernet Exchange Point • Pacific Wave nodes in LA and Seattle interconnected via 10GigE lambda on National LambdaRail facility • Tokyo-Hong Kong connectivity via OC-48 circuit • Cisco 15454 SONET switches multiplex two GigE circuits to provide connectivity to both Hong Kong Exchange Points • Hong Kong-Singapore link details to be worked out

7. TransPAC2 Engineering Topology Diagram

8. North America-Asia Circuit Priorities • Three major production circuits between North America and Asia (not including AU) • TransPAC2 (LA and Seattle) • JGN2 (Chicago) • NII/SINET (New York) • All three circuits will back each other up • Primary circuit: TransPAC2 • Secondary circuit: NII/SINET • Tertiary circuit: JGN2 • BGP routes will be localpref’d according to the above scheme on all networks

9. TransPAC2 Service Goals • Provide production networking to facilitate research cooperation between the US and Asia • Cooperation with Internet2 HOPI project • US-Asian cooperation on “lightpath” technologies will be crucial in future development • Initial assets will allow for MPLS and GMPLS-like experimentation, with future equipment possibly supporting layer 2 and layer 1 services • Security coordination • Measurement coordination • AAI development

10. HOPI and TransPAC2 • The Internet2 HOPI project will attempt to provide both routed and circuit-based functionality • Over the next year, the HOPI Design Team will test and evaluate vendor equipment in an effort to define the capabilities and implications of a hybrid network • The initial focus will be on “lightpath” creation • In 2005, a HOPI testbed will be created to answer some core questions • What defines a deterministic path through a layer3 network? • latency and jitter guarantees? bandwidth protection? • What does the network need to do to provide a lightpath • MPLS and QoS and STS/STM and ??? • What flavor of MPLS? (L2VPN or L3VPN or stitched LSPs?) • How dynamic do lightpaths need to be? • How will the lightpaths be created? • GMPLS? UCLP? Human? • How will lightpaths cross administrative boundaries? • Indiana University has been involved with the HOPI project from it’s inception • TransPAC2 will work with Internet2 to develop mutual goals and similar resources • Lightpath support will be important to future network growth, though a shared and production packet-based service offering will likely always service the majority of users • Lightpath-based experimentation will only be undertaken if it will pose no significant risk to the production nature of the TransPAC2 service offering.

11. Security • An important issue that needs IRNC-wide attention • Need for central data collection, contact list and incident coordination • Need for international incident response • URL: http://www.ren-isac.net/

12. TransPAC2 Measurement • The TransPAC2 measurement effort will provide valuable data and tools to network engineers and researchers in order to debug network problems and improve application performance • TransPAC2 will deploy an Asian Observatory framework in Asia, modeled after the US-based Abilene Observatory. • This framework will help determine performance characteristics of the complete network path by aggregating information about the segments that make up the network path

13. TransPAC2 Measurement (cont.) • The Asian Observatory system consists of PCs at key locations along the network backbone collecting and analysing measurement data • This work makes use of existing tools such as the bwctl and owamp codes developed by the Internet2 piPEs project. • Other tools from the Abilene NOC, APAN NOC JP, and NLANR will be deployed on this hardware as well • Data collection and analysis will conform to the guidelines developed by Matt Zekauskas and Matt Mathis for the IRNC project , the GGF, and other policy makers in the measurement community

14. 2005 Measurement Goals • Measurement machines will be deployed in the TransPAC2 US co-location space to collect data (some resources already located in Tokyo) • Full code implementation of existing measurement and analysis tools • Schedule persistent tests between APAN/TransPAC2 and Abilene Observatory nodes • Make measurement data available to the network and research communities • Foster collaboration between the APAN measurement community and other global network measurement projects such as the IRNC initiative

15. Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure • TransPAC goal to promote development of national AAI in APAN countries • Why? • In support of: • Access to lightpath/HOPI-like services • Access to performance measurement/monitoring tools and services • Authenticated sharing of network security information • Inter-institutional collaboration broadly – Grid, authenticated video-conferencing, etc.

16. AAI(2) • How? • Leverage NSF NMI program • Leverage Internet2 and other countries’ emerging national AAI efforts • Cotswold’s group ‘Cookbook’ • PRAGMA collaboration

17. Supporting Production Science • High-performance bandwidth across the Pacific [OC-192] combined with development of an inter-Asia backbone provide necessary infrastructure for e-science • Typical (everyday, non-heroic) applications include e-VLBI data transfers, HEP data transfers between Japan and the US, grid computing research and standard everyday science activities

18. Supporting Production Science (cont.) • Physics: www.riken.go.jp and www.kek.jp • Nanotechnology: www.nims.go.jp • Grid computing: www.pragma-grid.net • Earth science: www.ees.hokudai.ac.jp • PRAGMA www.pragma-grid.org

19. TransPAC2 Current Status • TransPAC2 has received NSF funding (SCI-0441096) • James Williams, Indiana University–Principal Investigator • Douglas Van Houweling, Internet2–Co-PI • APAN network owners committed to the TransPAC2 effort • Purchase of OC-192c services complete • OC-48 between Tokyo and Hong Kong in place • Purchase of US end equipment to be located in Los Angeles is complete • We expect the OC-192 to be active 5/1/2005

20. 2005 Plans • Operationalize OC-192 May 1 • Establish link to Singapore Oct 1 • Web site May 1 • Coordinating Committee May 1 • Measurement mentioned previously • Security being discussed • HOPI ongoing • AII ongoing

21. Coordination Opportunities • Sharing of bandwidth across the Pacific (10Gbp is plenty for all) • Linking AU and Hawaii into Asia in a cost effective manner • Clarifying the Hong Kong route exchange issue and general HK connectivity • Exchange Point pricing

22. Interesting Networking Observations • The “bandwidth problem” between the US and Asia has been solved! >60Gbps available as of 4/1/05 • The “access problem” within Asia continues • Tien2 Project is one effort to address this problem • The “north-south” problem within Asia continues Now we have to address the network service infrastructure and scientific collaboration problem.

23. Interesting Asian Political Issues • Politics and economics are now allowing more networking cooperation among Asian countries • Regulated telecommunications environments • Desire to “connect directly to the US” • Uncomfortable nature of “sharing” • Within country disputes

24. James Williams TransPAC2 Principal Investigator williams@indiana.edu