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Safety

The Runway Safety Initiative aims to address runway safety issues such as runway incursions, runway confusion, and runway excursions. It involves collaboration between aircraft manufacturers, operators, airports, ATC, and regulators to improve safety in the runway environment. This initiative has organized meetings and developed various products to educate and support stakeholders in their efforts to prevent runway accidents.

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Safety

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  1. Safety Runway Initiative

  2. Participants • Airbus • Embraer • ACI • IATA • ERA • Eurocontrol • AAPA • US NTSB • AEA • Honeywell • ALPA • EASA • CANSO • IFALPA • FAA/CAST • LVNL • Boeing • DGAC France • Flight Safety Foundation • IFATCA • NLR • ALTA

  3. RSI Meetings 1. Initial RSI meeting in Amsterdam 7 and 8 Feb 2007 2. Meeting in Brussels 30 and 31 May 2007 3. Meeting in Toulouse 6 and 7 September 2007 4. Meeting in Miami 9 and 10 January 2008 5. Meeting at NTSB in Washington on 7 and 8 May 2008 6. Meeting at EASA in Cologne on 20 and 21 August 2008 7. Meting in Seattle on 13 and 14 November 2008 8. Meeting in Brussels on 25 and 26 February 2009 9. Steering team meeting at FSF on 16 and 17 April 2009

  4. Definition:A runway safety issue is any safety issue that deals with the runway environment (or any surface being used as a runway) and the areas immediately adjacent to it (e.g., overruns, high-speed taxiways).

  5. Runway Safety Issues • Runway Incursions • Runway Confusion • Runway Excursion

  6. ICAO Definition of Runway Incursion: “ Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and takeoff of aircraft.”

  7. 2007 runway safety events - TAROM runway incursion accident (0 fatalities) - S7 excursion report from MAK (126 fatalities) - Garuda excursion in Indonesia (21 fatalities) - TAM excursion (187 fatalities) - Southwest Airlines Midway excursion report - Air France A340 Toronto excursion report

  8. 2008 Runway Safety Events - Hewa Bora DC-9 excursion (3 Fatal) - Kalitta B747 excursion (0 fatalities) - TACA A-320 excursion (3 Fatal) - Sudan Airways A-310 excursion (30 fatal) - Continental excursion in Denver (0 fatalities) - Several corporate aircraft fatal excursions

  9. 2008 Runway Safety Data Total Accidents: 97 (44 Jet/53 TP: all Western and Eastern built commercial jet and turboprop aircraft, Major or substantial damage) Total Incursion Accidents: 0 Total Confusion Accidents: 0 Total Excursion Accidents: 38 (39%) - 32 Fatalities

  10. Data Availability • Runway Incursions - Good • Runway Excursions - Good for Accidents and Incidents with Damage • Runway Confusion - Limited (normally no damage, no injury, no loss of separation)

  11. 1977 - KLM / Pan Am Los Rodeos Airport, Tenerife, Canary Islands

  12. USAir Runway Incursion Accident – Los Angeles: Controller cleared aircraftto land with another aircraft on the runway. February 1991

  13. SASOctober 2001 Milan, Italy

  14. Runway Incursions • Part of the new breed of safety challenge - Not a lot of accidents - Numerous incidents • Basic Risk Management: Risk = (Probability) X (Severity)

  15. Runway Excursion: When an aircraft on the runway surface departs the end or the side of the runway surface.Runway excursions can occur on takeoff or on landing. They consist of two types of events: Veer-Off:Excursion in which an aircraft departs the side of a runway Overrun: A runway excursion in which an aircraft departs the end of a runway

  16. The Players • AircraftManufacturers • Operators - Aircrews - Management • Airports • ATC • Regulators

  17. Manufacturers • Safe/reliable aircraft • Data and procedures for normal operations • Data and procedures for non- normal operations

  18. Operators • Stabilized approach criteria • True no-fault go-around policy • Training • Decision making • - On approach - On the runway

  19. Airports • Airport design • Lighting • Approach aids (e.g. ILS, VASI, PAPI) • Runway design (crown, grooved, porous) • Runway markings and signage • Runway clearing/cleaning • Runway condition measurement • Runway end safety areas • Airport ARFF

  20. ,

  21. ATC • Stabilized approach assistance • Pertinent and timely information • - Weather - Runway condition

  22. Regulator • Provide appropriate and professional oversight • Stabilized approach requirements • - Approaches with vertical guidance

  23. Runway Safety Products Catalog

  24. Runway Incursion: Product TitleOriginatorType ProductTarget Audience 1. ICAO Runway Safety Toolkit ICAO CD and web Aircrew, Airports, ATM, Management 2. Runway and Surface Safety FAA CD and web Flight Instructors Pilot Examiners 3. Taxi 101 FAA CD and web Maintenance personnel 4. Runway Incursion Prevention FAA, ACI, CD and web Aircrew, Airports, ATM Program IATA, PAAST 5. European Action Plan for the Eurocontrol et al CD and web Aircrews, Airports, ATM Prevention of Runway Incursions Vehicle drivers 6. Runway Incursion CAST JSIT FAA (CAST) CD Aircrews, Airports, ATM Reports 7. FAA Runway Safety Website FAA Web site Aircrews, ATM, Vehicle Drivers 8. Enhanced Taxiway Centerline FAA CD and web Aircrews, ATM, Airports 9. AOPA Runway Safety Course FAA, AOPA Web site General Aviation Pilots 10. ALPA Runway Safety Course FAA, ALPA Web site Aircrews 11. ACI Airside Safety Handbook ACI Handbook Airports 12. Runway Safety: It’s Everybody’s FAA Handbook Pilots, Controllers Business 13. Pilot Guide to Runway Safety Sporty’s CD General Aviation Pilots

  25. Runway Safety Products Catalog • Runway Excursion • Product TitleOriginatorType ProductTarget Audience • ALAR Tool Kit Flight Safety Foundation CD Aircrews, ATM, Airports • 2. Managing Threats and Errors Flight Safety Foundation Web Aircrews • During Approach and Landing: • How to avoid a Runway Overrun • 3. Takeoff Safety Training Aid FAA CD and web Aircrews

  26. Runway Safety Products Catalog Runway Confusion Runway Confusion:(Many runway incursion products may be applicable here)

  27. Runway Confusion Data Safety Incursion Excursion

  28. Accident Data1995–2008 Commercial Aircraft (Substantial and Major Damage,Western- and Eastern-built Turbojets and Turboprops) JetsTurbopropsMajor Substantial Major Substantial 286 372 528 243Total 658 7711,429 Total Accidents (of all types, not just runway safety accidents)

  29. Runway Safety Accident Data1995–20081,429 Total Accidents NumberPercent of Total Incursions: 10 (.7/year).6% Confusion: 4 (.3/year).3% Excursions: 417 (29.8/year)29%

  30. Runway Safety Data1995–2008Runway Excursion Data • 36% of jet accidents • 24% of turboprop accidents

  31. Runway Safety Fatality Data1995–2008 1,429 Total Accidents492 fatal accidents (33%) Number of Fatal Accidents (Onboard Fatalities) Incursions: 5 (129) Confusion: 2 (132) Excursions: 34 (712)

  32. Fatal and Non-Fatal Runway Accidents by Type, 1995 Through 2008 Fatal Runway Confusion Non-Fatal Runway Incursion Runway Excursion Number of Accidents

  33. 79% 21% FSF RSI - E Weener

  34. 63% 37% FSF RSI - E Weener

  35. 53% 47% FSF RSI - E Weener

  36. 41% 36% 17% 6%

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