1 / 17

Paratyphoid Infection (PT)

Paratyphoid Infection (PT). Prof. Dr ./ Wafaa Abd El- ghany Professor of poultry dis., Fac. Vet. Med., Cairo Univ. Definition.

vchastain
Download Presentation

Paratyphoid Infection (PT)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Paratyphoid Infection(PT) Prof. Dr./ WafaaAbd El-ghany Professor of poultry dis., Fac. Vet. Med., Cairo Univ.

  2. Definition It is infection of birds with motile salmonella serotypes rather than Salmonella gallinarumpullorum resulting in relatively asymptomatic intestinal carrier or inducing clinical disease.

  3. Economic importance • High mortality in young birds. • Growth Retardation. • High cost of prevention and treatment. • Feed-borne disease in humans through contaminated poultry product (zoonotic).

  4. The causative agent • Paratyphoid (PT) salmonellae (PT-S) are Gram negative rods, motile by pretrichousflagellae, non capsulated and non-spore former. • There are different types of PT salmonellae like S. entertidis, S. typhimurium, S. anatum, etc…. • S. typhimurium is the most pathogenic species. • PT-S grows well under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 37 C on ordinary media, where colonies are rounded, smooth, slightly raised and glistening.

  5. Antigenic structure • PT-S has different types of antigens including: • Somatic (O) antigen. • Flagellar (H) antigen. • Most poultry isolates are related to serogroup B, C or D

  6. Virulence factors • Endotoxins labored in blood stream from lysed bacteria fever. • Lipopolysaccaride of cell wall resists attack and digestion by host phagocytes. • Two protein enterotoxins: • Heat stable: causing structural damage to intestinal epithelial cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. • Heat labile: results in fluid accumulation in the intestinal lumen.

  7. Epidemiology • PT-S infects many species of poultry, wild birds, animals and man. • PT-S induces acute infection in young birds and adult become chronic carriers. • Low breeding temperature, water deprivation and infection with coccidiosis, immunosuppressives lead to increase mortality. • Recovered birds become subclinically intestinal carriers and complete the cycle of infection.

  8. Transmission • Egg shell contamination (false egg borne disease). • Direct contact. • Ingestion of contaminated food and water. • Rodents, animals, wild birds and flies. • Human. • Contaminated animal protein supplements (Bone meal, meet meal and fish meal)

  9. In pigeons • Arthritic form: • The bird is unable to move or fly. • Lameness. • Swelling of the wing and leg joints. • Death.

  10. In pigeons • Nervous form: • Shaking and twisting of the head and neck. • Torticollus. • Paralysis. • Death.

  11. In pigeons • Eye form: • Swelling of the eye lid. • Watery ocular discharge. • Conjunctivitis. • Closed eyes

  12. In pigeons • Intestinal form: • Greenish diarrhea. NB: The disease in pigeons is caused by Salmonella typhimuriumvarcopenhagen, and the affection known as "Megrims".

  13. P/M lesions in pigeons • Soft subcutanous swelling of the wing and leg joints. • Micro-abscesses in the brain. • Yellowish area of necrosis in the intestinal tract. • Nodules or necrotic foci the breast muscles and the internal organs.

More Related