Civil War Cheat Sheet! (write this down it is GOLD!!)

1. Civil War Cheat Sheet! (write this down it is GOLD!!) • Ft. Sumter – start of the Civil War • Battle of Bull Run – Southern victory – Stonewall Jackson • Battle of Shiloh – Northern victory • Gettysburg – hopes for a Confederate victory in the N were crushed, bloodiest battle • Siege of Vicksburg – Northern victory – CONTROL OF THE MISSISSIPPI • Appomattox Court House- where Lee and Grant signed the surrender

2. Cheat sheet continued • Lincoln – N prez • Davis – S prez • Grant – N general • Lee – S general • Emancipation Proclamation – declared the slaves in the Confederate territory free– why were few slaves actually freed?

3. Reconstruction Plan to rebuild the nation “with malice toward none, with charity for all.” Lincoln

5. Freedmen’s Bureau • Agency set up to assist former slaves • Schools and hospitals established • Distributed clothes, food and fuel

6. Lincoln is assassinated • Andrew Johnson (Democrat) becomes President • Continues Lincoln’s goals but says the responsibility is on the President not Congress • Pushes for the ratification of the 13th Amendment • Offers amnesty to most white Southerners and promises to return their property if they pledge loyalty to the US

10. Black Codes • Limited freedom of former slaves • Example in Mississippi no work and you were put on a plantation to work • No meeting in unsupervised groups • No carrying guns

11. Radical Republicans • Wanted full and equal citizenship for African Americans • Wanted to destroy the South’s old ruling class and turn the region into a place of small farms, free schools, respect for labor, and political equality for all citizens

12. The Civil Rights Act • 1866- declared that all persons born in the United States (except Native Americans) were citizens and entitled to equal rights regardless of their race

13. 14th Amendment • Gave all citizens equal protection under the law • If southern states did not give African Americans voting rights than they would lose representatives in Congress • Started Radical Reconstruction- Congressional controlled • South divided into 5 military districts, they had to write a new constitution, give vote to all men and ratify the 14th amendment

14. Johnson is Impeached • In 1867 Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act – President couldn’t fire gov. officials without the Senate’s approval • Johnson fired the secretary of war over reconstruction disagreement • Congress impeached the President and hoped to strengthen Congress’ role in Reconstruction

15. African Americans after the war • Freedman Schools • Traveling • 40 acres and a mule • The contract system • Sharecropping and debt

17. Ku Klux Klan • GOALS: restore Democratic control of the south and keep former slaves powerless

18. Grant Becomes President • Despite KKK African Americans vote • 15th Amendment passed- All men can vote regardless of race or color or pervious condition of servitude • Grant’s presidency is full of scandal and it hurts the Republican party • PANIC OF 1873- economic depression

19. The End of Reconstruction • U.S. v. Cruikshank – only states can punish those who violate the rights of African Americans • U.S. v. Reese- said the 15thAmendment did not give everyone the right to vote, simply listed the grounds on which states could not deny the right to vote