1 / 18

1914 – Present ERA V Overview

1914 – Present ERA V Overview. 1914 – World War I. After the wars… Regions fighting for power and territory Empires weakened, monarchies toppled, new nations form Age of extremes: democracies vs. dictatorships prosperity vs. poverty. Overview of era.

valmai
Download Presentation

1914 – Present ERA V Overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. 1914 – PresentERA V Overview

  2. 1914 – World War I • After the wars… • Regions fighting for power and territory • Empires weakened, monarchies toppled, new nations form • Age of extremes: • democracies vs. dictatorships • prosperity vs. poverty

  3. Overview of era • WWI – destroyed empires, weakened Europe • Interwar period • Economic crisis • Dictatorial regimes • Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Soviet Russia • WWII – largest, bloodiest, costliest warfare • Cold War: Communism vs. Capitalism • Decolonization • Democratization • Modernization • Globalization

  4. World War I – causes • M.A.I.N. • Militarism • Rise of Britain’s navy/empire – made Germany jealous • Alliances • Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria, Italy (Italy later switches) • Imperialism • Competition for colonies in Africa, India, SE Asia • Nationalism • Balkan peninsula • Pan-Slavic Movement vs. Russification

  5. World War I 1914 - 1918 Short Term Causes: • Balkans: “Powder Keg of Europe” • Assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Austria declares war • Russia to Serbian defense • Germany mobilizes • France aids Russia • The Schlieffen Plan – attack France quickly • Western Front – stalemate, trench warfare • Zimmerman Note – angers US into entering war

  6. After World War I • Paris Peace Conference • Left out the Central Powers • Treaties for defeated nations: Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman • Treaty of Versailles: agreement w/Germany • Wilson’s Fourteen Points – largely ignored • End secret treaties, freedom of seas, reduction of arms, decolonization, self-determination • Dismantled Austria-Hungary; formed new nations of Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, Latvia; Force immigration; Mandate system in Middle East • Germany – War Guilt clause, loss of territory, loss of colonies, disarmament, war payments

  7. World War II – build up to war • Nazi Germany • Hitler ignores Versailles – rebuilds army, annexes Austria • Takes Czechoslovakia – appeasement does not work • Militaristic Japan • Military takes control of government • Invades mainland China, fights in Siberia, attacks Pearl Harbor, takes territory in SE Asia

  8. World war II - effects • Holocaust: 12 million deaths, 6 million Jews • Refugees – displaced persons • Nations/cities in ruins • Poverty • Shortage of food, clothing, consumer goods • Colonies push for independence • Divided world power – US and USSR • Europe – becomes Cold War battleground, dismantles Europe’s global dominance

  9. The Cold War • US: Democratic capitalism • USSR: Communism Deadliest arms race – fundamental shift in world power Features: - technological: arms race, space race (Sputnik) - geopolitical: global influence – developing nations - ideological: divided nations (ex:N and S Korea) • NATO, Warsaw pact • Korean War, Vietnam War

  10. Global balance of power • Reduction of European Influence • The League of Nations • The United Nations • Decolonization – Africa, Middle East, Latin America, South and SE Asia • New nationalism emerges: Middle East divides, Soviet Union dissolves, Chinese Republic forms

  11. Modernization: Four Models • The West: Western Europe, US, Canada • The Tigers: Japan, Taiwan, S. Korea, Indonesia, Singapore • Eastern Europe: Soviet Union, Eastern Block nations • Developing Nations: Asia, Africa, Middle East, Latin America

  12. The West • Stable democratization • Economic prosperity • Thorough urbanization • Commitment to social equality • Creation of social welfare systems • Scientific and technological achievements • Economies that emphasize services, consumerism, technology

  13. The Tigers • Economic and technical modernization • Urbanization • High degree/variety of social services • High-tech economies • Japan equal to West • Some democratization • Slow to embrace/tolerate diversity and individualism

  14. Eastern Europe • Modernized economically • Urbanization • Social welfare services • Technological and scientific advancement • Industrialized • Dictatorial and repressive political systems • Difficulties moving toward democracy and economic prosperity

  15. Developing Nations • Trying to attain advanced economic systems • Considering representative government • Two extremes: progress or backwardness • Poverty, civil war, dictatorship

  16. Globalization It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and functioning together. This process is a combination of social, cultural, economic, technological, and political forces. • Multinational corporations • Regional alliances – European Union • G-7 then G-8 (US, Canada, G. Britain, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Russia) • WTO • NAFTA

  17. Revolution • 1917 Russian Revolution – from Tsar to communism • 1927 People’s Republic of China – to communism • 1959 Cuban Revolution – dictator to communism • 1979 Iranian Revolution – secular to theocracy

  18. Causes of 20th Century Revolutions • WWI and WWII --dislocated soldiers in colonies --weakened imperial countries (France and England) • Intellectual Climate --impact of Marx and Communism • Anti-Western --response to imperialism --failures of western system based on WWI and WWII

More Related