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HYDROELECTRIC AND PUMPED STORAGE

HYDROELECTRIC AND PUMPED STORAGE. PRESENT WORLD CAPACITY = 630 GW POWER = DELTA P x FLOW RATE POWER (W) =. H =METRES, Q = CUSECS. WORLD TOTAL = 630GW. Kaplan turbine, propeller, large Q, low H Can change blade angle. Need to run at constant speed. More than 100m Pelton wheel or

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HYDROELECTRIC AND PUMPED STORAGE

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  1. HYDROELECTRIC AND PUMPED STORAGE • PRESENT WORLD CAPACITY = 630 GW • POWER = DELTA P x FLOW RATE • POWER (W) = H =METRES, Q = CUSECS

  2. WORLD TOTAL = 630GW

  3. Kaplan turbine, propeller, large Q, low H Can change blade angle Need to run at constant speed More than 100m Pelton wheel or Impulse turbine Francis turbine vary output by Q Radial inflow

  4. TIDAL TURBINE

  5. FRANCIS TURBINE

  6. FRANCIS TURBINE

  7. POWER CONTROLLED BY FLOW RATE, Vcup = Vjet/2

  8. 18 SETS OF 700 MW =12.6 GW, H=120M, FLOW = 9000 TONNES/S

  9. CRUACHAN PUMPER STORAGE SCHEME

  10. CRUACHAN RESERVOIR AND LOCH AWE

  11. DINORWIG PUMPED STORAGE IN WALES

  12. TIDAL POWER GRAVITATIONAL AND CENTRIFUGAL FORCES CAUSED BY THE EARTH-MOON INTERACTION TOTAL UK POTENTIAL = 17% OF CURRENT ELECTRICTY GENERATION

  13. 12.5 HRS 50 MINS LATER EACH DAY 29.5 DAY CYCLE 14 DAYS BETWEEN SPRING & NEAP SUN PULL IS 177 BIGGER THAN MOON MID OCEAN TR=0.5M NEAR COASTS TR AMPLIFIED UP TO 15M

  14. MUTUAL ROTATION ABOUT COMMON CENTRE GIVES LARGE OUTWARD G FORCE ON SEA ON FAR SIDE & SMALL G FORCE ON NEAR SIDE. PULL OF MOON STRONG ON NEAR SIDE, WEAKER THAN AVERAGE ON FAR SIDE SUM APPROX SAME ON BOTH SIDES

  15. 2 miles of permanent mud at Weston – super - Mare

  16. AREA = A R MASS OF TRAPPED WATER = C OF G = R/2 ABOVE LOW WATER MARK MAX PE IF ALL WATER FALLS R/2 = Over tidal period ‘t’ average PE =

  17. Reversible pumps/turbines better than sluice gates

  18. Turbines 6000MW between high & low basins, 2500 MW high & sea Pumps 2500MW

  19. WAVE ENERGY UP TO 2MW/m Average 80kW/m Twice as much available in UK territorial waters As current installed generating capacity Seasonal peak in the winter Storms a problem

  20. ANNUAL AVERAGE WAVE POWER IN KW/M

  21. SALTER DUCK WAVE POWER CONVERTER

  22. SALTER DUCK WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER

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