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Getting to California

Ch 13 Sec 2 – The Roosevelt in Office. Square Deal – Theodore Roosevelt’s promise to support reform programs so everyone had a fair shot at success Sherman Antitrust Act – stated that any monopoly or trust that hurt the consuming public was illegal

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Getting to California

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  1. Ch 13 Sec 2 – The Roosevelt in Office Square Deal – Theodore Roosevelt’s promise to support reform programs so everyone had a fair shot at success Sherman Antitrust Act – stated that any monopoly or trust that hurt the consuming public was illegal Hepburn Act – put limits on companies from using vertical integration tactics that were unfair to the consumer The Jungle– a book by Upton Sinclair that exposed unhealthy conditions at a Chicago meat packing plant Meat Inspection Act – required federal inspection of meat and set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants Pure Food and Drug Act– prohibited the manufacture, sale or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food or drugs Newlands Reclamation Act– authorized the use of federal funds from public lands to pay for irrigation and land development projects that would help conserve resources Getting to California

  2. Chapter Objectives Section 2: Roosevelt in Office Describe various efforts to regulate concentrated corporate power.  Discuss Theodore Roosevelt’s interest in environmental conservation. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Intro 3

  3. Guide to Reading Main Idea With Theodore Roosevelt’s succession to the presidency in September 1901, progressivism entered national politics.  Key Terms and Names Square Deal  arbitration  Hepburn Act  Upton Sinclair Northern Securities  United Mine Workers  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-1

  4. $1,040 Average annual income for workers in finance, insurance, and real estate  $687 Average income for industrial workers (higher for union workers, lower for nonunion workers)  $510 Average income for retail trade workers $355 Average income for farm laborers  $342 Average income for domestic servants  $328 Average income for public school teachers $1 in 1915 = $20 in 2008 How much did a teacher in 1915 make in 2007 dollars? $328 would be equal $6.30 per week or 15 cents per hour or in today’s money $126 per week or $3.00 per hour This feature is found on pages 462–463 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Time Notebook 18

  5. $11.95 Cost of a bicycle  $1.15 Cost of a baseball  $1 Average cost of a hotel room 39¢ Cost of one dozen eggs  5¢ Cost of a glass of cola  7¢ Cost of a large roll of toilet paper $1 in 1915 = $20 in 2008 This feature is found on pages 462–463 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Time Notebook 19

  6. Some bright spots in a dark decade: Color newspaper supplements (1914)  3-D films (1915)  Nail polish (1916)  Three-color traffic lights (1918)  Color photography introduced by Eastman Kodak (1914) This feature is found on pages 462–463 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Time Notebook 4

  7. Presidential Facts of Theodore Roosevelt College:Harvard University Height:5’8” Religion:Dutch Reformed Children:Six: two daughters, four sons Occupation:Rancher, Colonel US Army Previous Political Offices:Police Commissioner of New York City; Assistant Secretary of the Navy; Governor of New York; Vice President of the United States First Presidentto fly in an airplane …..to win the Nobel Peace Prize …..to survive an assassination attempt …..to visit a foreign country while in office …..to own an automobile Time Notebook 4

  8. Fun Presidential Facts ofTheodore Roosevelt Sign: Scorpio Nickname: TR; Teddy; Bull in a China Shop; Great White Chief; The Old Lion Campaign Theme:“Roosevelt the Peace Victor” Sports: TR was the most athletic president with his love of sports and hunting. He was blinded in his left eye in 1904 during a boxing match with a White House military aide Other Notes of Interest…. His children had over twenty pets living in the White House, including ten dogs, two cats (one with a six toed paw) and two ponies. Credited with giving Maxwell House coffee its slogan of “Good to the last drop” Last Words: “Please put out the light” Time Notebook 9

  9. The Teddy Bear The soft and cuddly teddy bear was named after the gruff and rugged Theodore (“Teddy”) Roosevelt. The idea for the toy stemmed from a hunting trip Roosevelt took to Mississippi in 1902. On the trip, the president refused to kill a defenseless bear cub. Cartoonist Clifford Berryman drew a whimsical reenactment of the scene for the Washington Post. F/F/F 1-Fact

  10. The Teddy Bear That story inspired Morris Michtom, a toy shop owner in Brooklyn, to create the “teddy bear.” The toy became a runaway success in the United States and abroad. Michtom’s wife hand stitched the first bears. After they sold quickly, Michtom sent a bear to the president and asked for permission to name the bears “Teddy.” After getting a positive response, Michtom made arrangements for mass production. F/F/F 1-Fact

  11. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency During his second term, Theodore Roosevelt’s reform program was known as the Square Deal. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-5

  12. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency As a progressive and a Social Darwinist, he felt the government should try to balance the needs of all the groups in American society. He believed that the U.S. needed progressive reforms to remain an efficient society that could compete successfully with other nations. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-5

  13. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) The fight for control of the Burlington Railroad erupted on the New York Stock Exchange. E.H. Harriman of the Union Pacific Railroad and James J. Hill and J. P. Morgan of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railroads argued over stock, which could have led to a recession. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-6

  14. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) The three men compromised by creating a new holding company called Northern Securities. Roosevelt felt Northern Securities violated the Sherman Antitrust Act which stated that "Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal". (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-7

  15. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) Roosevelt ordered a lawsuit filed and in 1904 the Supreme Court ruled that Northern Securities had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-7

  16. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) The United Mine Workers (UMW) union called a strike of the miners who dug coal. About 150,000 workers from the mines of eastern Pennsylvania demanded a pay increase, reduction in work hours, and recognition for their union. The strike went on for months, threatening a coal shortage. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-8

  17. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) Roosevelt urged the union and owners to accept arbitration, a settlement imposed by an outside party The union agreed, but the owners did not. Mine owners finally agreed after Roosevelt threatened to have the army run the mines. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-9

  18. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) In 1903 Congress created the Department of Commerce and Labor. Within the department was the Bureau of Corporations that had the authority to investigate corporations and issue reports on their activities. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-10

  19. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) In 1906 the Hepburn Act as a reaction of the Standard Oil Company’s monopolization of the oil industry, and hence its control of the national oil price. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-11

  20. Roosevelt Revives the Presidency (cont.) The Hepburn Act prohibited railroads from hauling commodities that they had produced or mined. • This was intended to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by giving it the power to set railroad rates. (pages 427–430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-11

  21. Social Welfare Action By 1905 consumer protection became a national issue. Patent medicines and food consumption became serious threats to Americans, forcing new legislation. (page 430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-13

  22. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2

  23. Social Welfare Action In 1906 famous Muckraker Upton Sinclair’sThe Jungle described his observations of Chicago slaughterhouses. As a result, federal legislation was passed. (page 430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-13

  24. Social Welfare Action (cont.) The Meat Inspection Act required federal inspection of meat sold and set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants. (page 430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-14

  25. Consumer Health Information Improving Medical Products for ChildrenAll Consumer Health > > FDA Newsroom | Recalls, Product Safety | Product ApprovalsPress Releases | Meetings | Congressional Testimony | Speeches FDA Announces Initiative to Bolster Generic Drug Program FDA Seeks Nominations for Reagan-Udall Foundation FDA Takes Next Step in Transformation of its Center for Drug Evaluation and Research FDA Acts to Ensure Thyroid Drugs Don’t Lose Potency Before Expiration Date FDA’s Dr. Janet Woodcock Honored by Alliance for Aging Research for Improving Healthy Aging New for Health Professionals Search Powered by Google A-Z IndexSite Map Products FDA Regulates FoodFoodborne Illness, Nutrition, Dietary Supplements... DrugsPrescription, Over-the-Counter, Generic... Medical DevicesPacemakers, Contact Lenses, Hearing Aids... BiologicsVaccines, Blood Products... Animal Feed and DrugsLivestock, Pets... CosmeticsSafety, Labeling... Radiation-Emitting ProductsCell Phones, Lasers, Microwaves... Combination Products FDA NEWS Social Welfare Action (cont.) The Pure Food and Drug Act prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs. (page 430) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-14

  26. Conservation President Theodore Roosevelt urged Americans to conserve natural resources. (pages 430–431) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-16

  27. Conservation President Theodore Roosevelt urged Americans to conserve natural resources. In 1902 Roosevelt supported the passage of the Newlands Reclamation Act, which authorized the use of federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development projects. Roosevelt appointed Gifford Pinchot to head the United States Forest Service to carefully manage the timber resources in the West. (pages 430–431) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-16

  28. This feature is found on pages 432–433 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Geography and History 1

  29. Conservation(cont.) Pinchot and his department created regulations controlling lumbering on federal lands. Roosevelt’s actions during his presidency caused Americans to increasingly look to the federal government to solve the nation’s economic and social problems. The executive branch of government greatly increased in power. (pages 430–431) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-17

  30. Checking for Understanding Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. B __ 1. settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider __ 2. Theodore Roosevelt’s promise of fair and equal treatment for all A. Square Deal B. arbitration A Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 2-19

  31. Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions What impact did Roosevelt’s use of the Sherman Antitrust Act have on business? It broke up Northern Securities and put big business on notice that Roosevelt would use the powers of the act if necessary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-22

  32. Reviewing Key Facts (cont.) How did President Roosevelt influence the outcome of the 1902 coal strike? He threatened to send in the army to work the mines. His threat finally got the mine owners to agree to arbitration. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 4

  33. Checking for Understanding (cont.) Explain what was provided for in the Hepburn Act. The Hepburn Act attempted to strengthen the ICC by giving it the power to set railroad rates. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-20

  34. Analyzing Visuals Analyzing Political Cartoons Why are the giants depicted as they are? What do they represent? Roosevelt is called Jack the Giant-Killer. What fairy tale is being referred to? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-23

  35. Analyzing Visuals They are very powerful men who forcefully dominate politics and the economy. Jack and the Beanstalk is being referred to. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-23

  36. Reviewing Themes Individual Action How did Upton Sinclair contribute to involving the federal government in protecting consumers? His book The Jungle raised awareness of conditions in the meatpacking industry. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-21

  37. End of Section 2

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