1 / 11

Objectives

Objectives. To list the secretions involved with the digestive system. To identify some of the disorders of the digestive system. Review for the exam. - Focus on electrolytes Remember Case Study Due next period! Pg 25 & 26. Carbohydrates. A compound composed of C, H and O

urbano
Download Presentation

Objectives

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Objectives To list the secretions involved with the digestive system. To identify some of the disorders of the digestive system. Review for the exam. - Focus on electrolytes Remember Case Study Due next period! Pg 25 & 26

  2. Carbohydrates A compound composed of C, H and O With the approximate chemical formula (CH2O)n Example C6H12O6 – glucose Digested by Amylase (an enzyme produced by the salivary glands and pancreatic secretions). Important for starch digestion. Leftover cellulose is further metabolized by bacteria with necessary enzymes  Vitamins K & B12 are byproducts.

  3. Proteins Polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Important in structure and function of all living organisms – found in muscles. Generally obtained in the diet by eating animal products. Digested by: Stomach: HCl, Pepsin, Pancreas: Peptidases, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin

  4. Lipids Organic, hydrophobic molecules that are insoluble in water. Contain fatty acid subunits and a carboxyl group (– COOH). Includes: Triglycerides – fats and oils. Phospholipids – found in cell membranes. Cholesterol – important for steroid hormones.

  5. Digestion of Lipids Liver/Gall Bladder – Bile (emulsifies) Pancreas – Lipase (an ENZYME) > Breaks down lipids into their components  fatty acids & glycerol.

  6. Hormones involved with Digestion Stomach – Gastrin: stimulates acid secretion by cells in the stomach and distension of stomach. Small Intestine - Secretin: stimulates HCO3 production by pancreas and liver to neutralize acid, increases bile output. Cholecystokinin: stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bile by gallbladder. CCK Gastric inhibitory peptide: inhibits stomach acid.

  7. Stomach HCl Mucus Pepsin Pepsinogen Gastrin – H secreted here Small Intestine Sodium bicarbonate Amylase Peptidase Trypsin Chymotrypsin Lipase Bile Peptidase Secretin – H Cholecystokinin – H Gastric Inhibitory Peptide - H Recap – What is where?

  8. Processes: Mastication - Chewing Deglutition – Act of swallowing Peristalsis – Wave movement through tube. Absorption – Incorporation into blood/cells. Elimination – Removal of wastes

  9. Diseases and Disorders Ulcers – caused by Helicobacter pylori. Appendicitis – inflamed appendix. Enteritis – inflammation of the intestine (sm). Irritable Bowel Syndrome –alt of diarrhea & constipation Colon Cancer – often due to carcinogens. Gallstones – Precipitate of bile salts > blockage. Jaundice – accumulation of bile salts in the blood.

  10. Hyperkalemia Elevated K+ Can occur due to acidosis Symptoms: Muscle weakness Nausea Cardiac arrhythmia Intestinal colic Hypokalemia Deficiency of K+ Can occur due to alkalosis, gastric suctioning, vomiting, diarrhea Symptoms: Fatigue Muscle weakness Anorexia Cardiac arrest Review of Electrolyte Imbalances

  11. Hypercalcemia Elevated Ca+ Can occur due to acidosis, Or overactive parathyroid. Symptoms: Poor coordination Poor appetite Constipation Hypocalcemia Deficient Ca+ Can occur due inactive parathyroid, low dietary calcium intake. Symptoms: Tingling in extremities Increased neuron excitability Tetany Carpopedal spasms Convulsions and seizures. Review of Electrolyte Imbalances

More Related