1 / 66

Jeffersonian Ascendancy

Jeffersonian Ascendancy. The Republican Vision. Essential Questions. What are the key issues of Jefferson’s administration? Why the exceptions to “limited and negative” government? What’s the significance of Marbury v Madison? What are the factors that led to the War of 1812?

tyson
Download Presentation

Jeffersonian Ascendancy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Jeffersonian Ascendancy The Republican Vision

  2. Essential Questions • What are the key issues of Jefferson’s administration? • Why the exceptions to “limited and negative” government? • What’s the significance of Marbury v Madison? • What are the factors that led to the War of 1812? • What is the significance of the war? • What are examples of states rights?

  3. Characteristics of the Period • Social leveling – egalitarian ideas • Economics • Carrying trade & early textiles –NE • Agriculture – S and W • Expansion west – opportunity • Indians – more clashes; choices – move, assimilate, fight for land • Increased regionalism

  4. Jefferson’s Goals – “negative and limited government” • Limited government – cut size of bureaucracy • Frugal government – cut spending & deficits; decrease size of army & navy • Strict construction

  5. Jefferson • President and party leader – co-opts the Federalist and increases DR • Development of one party – National Republicans – problems with factions • Accomplished most goals • Problem = neutral rights

  6. Election of 1808

  7. Exceptions to “negative and Limited” government –WHY? • BUS – Gallatin • Federally funded internal improvements (FFII) – National Road • Barbary Pirates – undeclared war; goes around Congress (argh!) • Louisiana Purchase 1803 • Trade Embargo

  8. National Road

  9. Barbary Pirates

  10. Decatur & the Barbary Pirates

  11. Louisiana Purchase 1803 • Mississippi River & New Orleans critical to western expansion • French threat - US options purchase NO or treaty w/BR • Napoleon offers for $15 million – purchase – but issue = constitutionality • Federalist concerns • TJ justification • Lewis and Clark – scientific, cultural and CIA mission

  12. Louisiana Purchase 1803

  13. War on the Judiciary • Judiciary Act of 1801 • Expands # of judges – appoints Federalists • “midnight judges” – keep control of J • Marshall = chief • Impeachment – Chase & Pickering • Failure sg for independent judiciary

  14. John Marshall 1801-1835

  15. Marshall’s goals • Increase the power of the judiciary – check and balance • Increase/maintain the power of the federal government • Create climate for economic stability and growth (market economy; Hamiltonian ideas)

  16. Marbury v Madison 1803 • Issue – commissions not given • Writ of Mandamus • Marshall court rules this part of Judiciary Act 1789 unconstitutional • Established the principle of judicial review of Supreme Court over acts of Congress • Protects the power of the court

  17. Internal Divisions • Tertium Quids – faction with in National Republican – old values • Yazoo Land Claims • Fletcher v Peck • Slave trade issues • Who gets confiscated slaves • Outlawed 1808 ----but

  18. States Rights and Separation - Burr • Essex Junto 1804 • Northern Confederacy –NE/NY • Hamilton foils • The Duel • Western Conspiracy • Empire in west, take out of union and conquer Mexico • Treason trial –overt actions

  19. The Duel

  20. Foreign Policy: Western Expansion Goal • Increased pressure on Ohio – white and Indian –competition • Harrison –Jeffersonian policies • Tecumseh, The Prophet (Tenskwatawa) -- choices • Environmental/ecological impact • Br role • Frontier culture – Second Great Awakening

  21. Second Great Awakening

  22. Tecumseh & the Prophet

  23. Foreign Policy Goal: National Security and Neutral Rights • Issue – BOP Europe -Napoleonic Wars • BR -------USA--------FR • US caught between conflicting policies –no respect of neutral rights - impressment • Orders in Council v Continental System Essex decision-----Milan/Berlin Decrees

  24. Napoleonic Wars and Neutral Rights • 1806  Berlin Decrees-“Continental System” • 1806  Britain issued the “Order in Council.” • 1807  Milan Decrees • 1808-1811  Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors.

  25. Chesapeake and Leopard • June 21, 1807. • Br. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. • 3 dead, 18 wounded. • Br. Foreign Office said it was a mistake. • Jefferson’s Response: • Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports. • Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

  26. Chesapeake and Leopard

  27. Jefferson’s Response: Exception to limited government--WHY • Embargo Act 1807 –”peaceful coercion” • ALL TRADE prevented • Impact –huge economic losses • Non-Intercourse Act 1809 – lasts to 1812 • all but BR and FR • NE pushed toward manufacturing and self sufficiency • Macon’s Bill #2 1810 • Open ---but plays off rivals • War declaration – June 1812 ---why

  28. Political Cartoon

  29. War of 1812: Causes • Neutral Rights – free trade/free seas • Indians – Tecumseh and the Prophet Pan Indian Confederacy • War hawks – • Canada – lust for land/opportunity

  30. Brock & Tecumseh

  31. War Hawks • Clay • Calhoun

  32. James & Dolly Madison

  33. Two Wars: Indians ---British • Indians – western expansion – OPP. • Tippecanoe 1809 • Thames 1813 • Horseshoe Bend 1814 • Harrison & Jackson • British – neutral rights and respect • 1812-13 – Offense • Lake Erie • Can’t take Canada • 1814 – Defense • Washington/McHenry

  34. Key Battles

  35. War 1813

  36. Battle of the Thames

  37. Washington 1814

  38. Dolly Madison and the Burning

  39. Fort McHenry

  40. Patriot’s View

  41. Jackson’s Campaigns

  42. Jackson at Horseshoe Bend

  43. Battle of New Orleans

  44. Battle of New Orleans

  45. Opposition: New England • Most hurt by embargo – didn’t obey • Mr. Madison’s War – trade w/ enemy • Hartford Convention – Dec 1814 (states rights) Demands • One term pres –not from same state • 2/3 vote for embargo, war, new states • End 3/5 rule • No naturalized citizen in high office

More Related