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WORLD OF DREAMS

WORLD OF DREAMS. It’s like Costner’s Field of Dreams, except much, much larger. WHAT IS A DREAM?. Conventional view: mental experiences during REM This is going under numerous revisions due to new research. CONTENTS OF DREAMS. Most dreams are mundane Familiar settings, familiar people

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WORLD OF DREAMS

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  1. WORLD OF DREAMS It’s like Costner’s Field of Dreams, except much, much larger

  2. WHAT IS A DREAM? • Conventional view: mental experiences during REM • This is going under numerous revisions due to new research

  3. CONTENTS OF DREAMS • Most dreams are mundane • Familiar settings, familiar people • Dreams tend to center on internal conflicts • Usually self-centered • Gender roles effect dreams

  4. LINKS BETWEEN DREAMS AND WAKING LIFE • Freud noticed that waking life is in dreams (daily residue) • Stimuli are perceived in dreams while subjects are still asleep

  5. CULTURE AND DREAMS • Western civs don’t take dreams seriously • Other civs see dreams as insight into self, prophecy, or the spirit world • Some dream themes are universal • Interpreting dreams varies from culture to culture

  6. THEORIES OF DREAMING • Freud: wish fulfillment • Cartwright: problem-solving • Hobson, McCarley: activation-synthesis model; by-product of bursts of activity from the subcortical areas in the brain

  7. HYPNOSIS: ALTERED CONSCIOUSNESS OR ROLE PLAYING? Franz Anton Mesmer stumbled onto the power of suggestion. James Braid coined the term hypnotism in 1843

  8. HYPNOTIC INDUCTION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY • Hypnosis: a systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility • 10% of population do not react to hypnotic suggestion • Susceptibility depends on attitude and expectations of subject

  9. HYPNOTIC PHENOMENA • Anesthesia: sometimes used in medical procedures instead of drugs • Sensory distortions and hallucinations: can be used to create or block senses • Disinhibition: make someone do something they normally would not • Posthypnotic suggestions and amnesia: influence behavior; make people forget what they did while under hypnosis

  10. THEORIES OF HYPNOSIS • Barber/Spanos: hypnosis as role playing • People behave the way they believe a hypnotized person would behave • Non-hypnotized subjects can duplicate results • Memory of “hypnotized” is more fantasy than reality

  11. THEORIES CONTINUED • Beahrs, Fromm, Hilgard • Role-playing theory does not explain all phenomena • Hilgard: hypnosis creates an “altered state of consciousness” called dissociation---splitting off of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness

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