The Internet and the World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT)

1. The Internet and the World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT) Dr. Olivier MJ Crépin-Leblond ocl@gih.com ISOC UK England Chair ALAC Chair at ICANN Presentation at 3nd Ukraine Internet Governance ForumKyiv, Ukraine, 28 September 2012

2. The Internet • Technology developed since the 1960s • Technical specifications: • Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) • Multi-stakeholder development • Distributed system • Network of networks • No single owner of the Internet • Dynamic Naming System (DNS) since 1980s • A hierarchy of name servers with one single Root • Fully distributed around the world

3. What is Multi-stakeholder • An environment where decisions are taken in concertation with: • Governments • Businesses • Civil Society • Technical community • Individual users • Any other stakeholder not covered by the above

4. Source: http://www.isoc.org/pubpolpillar/docs/internetmodel.pdf

5. Multi-stakeholder standards Source: http://www.isoc.org/pubpolpillar/docs/internetmodel.pdf

6. Multi-stakeholder policy Source: http://www.isoc.org/pubpolpillar/docs/internetmodel.pdf

7. Staff Ombudsman President and CEO ICANN Staff MDR – 68SV – 11 DC – 9 Sydney - 5 Brussels - 5 Other US - 11Other non-US - 14 ICANN Multi-Stakeholder Model CountryCodeOperators Governments GAC InternetUsers Governmental Advisory Committee Technical Liaison Group AnotherMulti-StakeholderModel Internet EngineeringTask Force TLG Multi-Stakeholder Model IETF Other Advisory Committees ASO GNSO ccNSO At-Large Security & Stability Advisory Committee Root Server System Advisory Committee Internet Users (At-Large Advisory Committee,in conjunction with RALOs) Regional Internet Registries ARIN RIPE NCC LACNIC APNIC AfriNIC gTLD Registries gTLD Registrars IP interests ISPs Businesses Universities Consumers ccTLD registries (.us, .uk, .au, .it, .be, .nl, etc.) ALAC SSAC RSSAC Source: http://www.icann.org/en/about/

8. Who are the ITU • International Telecommunications Union • Created in 1865 as International Telegraph Union • Regulations regarding telephone service: • Billing • Standards (V.21, V.32, V.90, X.25 …)

9. ITU Structure World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT): International Telecommunication Regulations (ITRs) 9

10. ITU Regions CEPT - European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations: 48 Countries APT – Asia Pacific Telecommunity: 38 Member Countries ATU- African Telecom Union: 46 Member States CITEL – InterAmerican Telecommunications Commission: 35 Member States (OAS Members) Arab States – 22 Administrations RCC – Regional Commonwealth in the Field of Communications 12 Administration Members (former Soviet Republics)

11. International Telecommunication Regulations (ITRs) A 1988 treaty to Establish general principles for the provision and operation of international telecommunication to: facilitate global interconnection and interoperability underpin harmonious development and efficientoperation of technical facilities promote efficiency, usefulness, and availability of international telecommunication services 11 July 2012

12. Why is the WCIT so controversial? • In the past, use of the word “telecommunications” • Now, use of the acronym ICT – Information and Communication Technology • Not limited to telecommunications • Also includes “information technology”

13. Why is the WCIT so controversial? • Information and Communication Technology • A term used by the United Nations • Now, use of the acronym ICT – Information and Communication Technology • Not limited to telecommunications • Also includes “information technology” • The Internet including all its content?

14. Why is the WCIT so controversial? • Proposed new per-usage billing • Filtering and Control of information • Licensing? • Control of the ICT goes to Governments • Regulation using multilateralism, not multi-stakeholderism

15. How do members take part? • Some governments have arranged a multi-stakeholder working group • Some countries have kept the work in government and telecom hands • Some administrations have made proposals • All member countries will send delegations to Dubai

16. Possible outcomes • There is likely to be two main points of view: multi-stakeholderism versus multi-lateralism • Some geopolitics might affect the negotiations • It is hoped that if a deal can be reached, the ITRs will be then proposed to all national countries for ratification • If no deal then a final vote might happen

17. After the WCIT? • Some countries might propose to ratify the ITRs nationally • Some might not ratify anything • What about the Internet? • It might remain the same • It might be split • Negotiations will continue

18. Thank you ! Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Olivier Crépin-Leblond <ocl@gih.com>