Poetry

1. Poetry

2. Prose A form of literature that is different from poetry in that it sounds like everyday speech with a greater variety of structures and rhythms. It also does not rely as heavily on figurative language or imagery (It is anything that is not poetry.)

3. Poetry A kind of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery to appeal to emotion and imagination

4. Rhythm A musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables

5. Meter The regular rhythmic pattern in a poem

6. Rhyme The repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words close together in a poem

7. Kinds of Rhymes

8. End Rhyme Rhymes at the ends of lines in poetry Twinkle, twinkle little star How I wonder what you are!

9. Internal Rhyme Rhymes within a line of poetry Hark! Hark! The dogs do bark,… Hickory, dickory, dock,…

10. Slant Rhyme Rhymes involving sounds that are similar but not quite the same (also called near rhymes) dine and time

11. Visual Rhyme Rhymes involving words that are spelled similarly but pronounced differently rain and again

12. Rhyme Scheme The pattern of end rhymes (letters are assigned to the sound at the end of every line of a poem)

13. Refrain A group of words repeated at intervals in a poem, song, or speech

14. Stanza A group of consecutive lines that form a single unit in a poem

15. Speaker The voice talking in a poem (similar to a narrator)

16. Kinds of Poems

17. Free Verse Poem Poetry without a regular meter or rhyme scheme

18. “The Fog” by Carl Sandburg The fog comes on little cat feet. It sits looking over harbor and city on silent haunches and then moves on.

19. Narrative Poem A poem that tells a story

20. “Casey at the Bat” by Ernest Lawrence Thayer The outlook wasn’t brilliant for the Mudville nine that day; The score stood four to two with but one inning left to play. And then when Cooney died at first, and Barrows did the same, A sickly silence fell upon the patrons of the game. -- Then from five thousand throats and more there rose a lusty yell; It rumbled through the valley, it rattled in the dell; It knocked upon the mountain and recoiled upon the flat, For Casey, mighty Casey, was advancing to the bat.

21. Epic A long narrative poem that is majestic in theme and style

22. from Homer’s The Odyssey. Book XXIII Meanwhile, on his island, his father’s shore, that kingly man, Odysseus, awoke, but could not tell what land it was after so many years away; moreover, Pallas Athena, Zeus’ daughter, poured a grey mist all around him, hiding him from common sight— for she had things to tell him and wished no one to know him, wife, or townsmen, before the suitors paid up for their crimes. …

23. Ballad A song or song-like poem that tells a story

24. “The Ballad of Reading Gaol” by Oscar Wilde  In Reading gaol by Reading town  There is a pit of shame,And in it lies a wretched man  Eaten by teeth of flame,In a burning winding-sheet he lies,  And his grave has got no name. And all men kill the thing they love,  By all let this be heard,Some do it with a bitter look,  Some with a flattering word,The coward does it with a kiss,  The brave man with a sword!

25. Lyric Poem A song-like poem that expresses the speaker’s feelings

26. “How Do I Love Thee?” By Elizabeth Barrett Browning How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of being and ideal grace. I love thee to the level of every day's Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. I love thee freely, as men strive for right. I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints. I love with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death.

27. Ode A dignified and elaborately structured lyric poem praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature intellectually rather than emotionally

28. “To a Butterfly” by William Wordsworth I’ve watched you now a full half hour Self-poised upon that yellow flower; And, little butterfly, indeed, I know not if you sleep or feed. How motionless! –not frozen seas More motionless; and then, What joy waits you when the breeze Hath found you out among the trees, And calls you forth again!

29. Sonnet A lyric poem of 14 lines with a formal rhyme scheme, expressing different aspects of a single thought, mood, or feeling, sometimes resolved or summed up in the last lines of the poem

30. Petrarchan Sonnet The Italian sonnet form with usually the following rhyme scheme: abba abba cde cde

31. Petrarchan Sonnet #269 Broken the column and the green bay tree    That lent a shade to my exhausted thought;    And I have lost what can nowhere be soughtIn any distant wind or distant sea.You took away from me my double treasure,    Death, which had made my life proud and secure;    What neither earth nor kingdom can allure,Nor oriental gem, nor golden measure.But if to accept this is destiny,    What can I do but wear eyes wet with        A sad soul and a face shut to all views?O life that are so beautiful to see,        How quickly in one morning do we lose    What we gained with great pain in many years!

32. Shakespearean Sonnet The English sonnet form with the following rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg

33. Shakespearean Sonnet #18 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

34. Limerick A humorous five-line poem that has a regular meter or rhyme scheme

35. “An Old Man” by Edward Lear There was an old man with a beard, Who said, “It is just as I feared! – Two owls and a hen, Four larks and a wren, Have all built their nests in my beard!”

36. Haiku A Japanese form that has three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables (Traditionally represents contrasting images)

37. Basho An old pond!A frog jumps in-The sound of water.

38. THE END