English A B C’s

1. EnglishA B C’s Brenda Martinez ENG 1D1

2. Alliteration • Alliteration is a stylistic device where a large amount of words in a sentence begin with the same letter sound. • Examples are: • Cars can cause chaos. • The lion licked his lips • The teacher took the troublemakers’ toy.

3. Bold irony • Irony is a type of figurative language that uses a word that means something different than it is actually supposed to mean. • Examples: • Britain’s biggest dog is named Tiny. • The procrastinators meeting has been postponed until next week.

4. CHARACTERIZATION • Characterization is language used to describe the details of a character in a story. This is usually found when the author first introduces the character. • Examples: • Lord of the Flieschpt 1: “Inside the floating cloak he was tall, thin, and bony; and his hair was red beneath the black cap. His face was crumpled and freckled and ugly without silliness. Out of the face stared two bright blue eyes…” This is a physical characterization of one of the characters Jack.

5. Dramatic foil • A dramatic foil is a character that shows qualities that comes in contrast with the qualities of another character. Usually it is a secondary character that clashes with the main character. • Examples: • In Romeo & Juliet the character Tybalt is a foil to the character Benvolio. Tybalt is a very violent character and is always looking to pick a fight while Benvolio prefers to keep the peace.

6. epilogues • An epilogue is a part of the story that tells you what happens after the main plot of the story has ended. • Examples: • The Hunger Games: Mockingjay, in this epilogue it tells the reader about the two main characters Katniss and Peeta and their lives after the games.

7. Figurative language • Many times you will here people say “It was just a figure of speech.” Figurative language is language used to express and idea that creates a visual picture in a persons mind. • Examples: • Simile - Irony -Alliteration • Metaphor -Imagery -Onomatopoeia • Hyperbole -Personification

8. Great Chain of Being • The Great Chain of Being is a hierarchal chain that shows that everything in the world has its place; from God to rocks. • Chain:

9. Hyperbole • A hyperbole is an exaggeration of and idea to create emphasis. • Examples: • I told you not to run a million times! • I’m so hungry I could eat a horse. • It will only take me five seconds to get there.

10. Imagery • Imagery is using figurative language to represent objects and ideas in a physical sense. We use imagery to catch a readers senses. • Examples: • The music coursed through my veins. • The meadow was bright and blinding to the eyes. • When she bit into the donut; jelly drizzled down her chin.

11. Juxtaposition • Juxtaposition is a literary technique used to compare and contrast two character’s actions. It can highlight either the good or bad aspects of the characters. • Examples: • In Romeo and Juliet there is a contrast between the young characters who are in love and the elderly characters who hate each other.

12. Key Points of View • A point of view is one individuals way of interpreting a certain situation. Point of view in a story can be found in First person, Second person and Third person. • Examples: • 1st person: I ran through the forest. • 2nd person: You run through the forest. • 3rd person: He ran through the forest.

13. Listen, I hear onomatopoeia • Onomatopoeia is a word used that makes a sound heard elsewhere, this draws the readers attention towards the story more. • Examples • The gushing river was just under the bridge. • The clanging pots and pans woke me up. • Onomatopoeia song

14. Metaphor • A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a clear, implied or hidden comparison on to two things that may or may not be alike. • Examples: • Life is a rollercoaster. • The ballerina is a swan, dancing on that stage. • Terry, you are such a chicken.

15. Narrative • Narrative is the story being told by the narrator to the readers. The narrative could be told by the author or by one of the characters in the story. • Examples: • Animal farm by George Orwell is a narrative that is based on politics. He used animals to narrate this story.

16. Oxymoron • An oxymoron is a speech that brings to completely opposite ideas and brings them together. • Examples: • Loving monsters • That is awfully nice. • That felt bitter sweet.

17. Personification • Personification is a type of device that gives non-human objects human attributes. • Examples • The trees dance in the wind. • The city never sleeps. • The fire ran wild.

18. Quest taking Protagonists • Protagonists are the main characters of stories. Many times they are referred to as the hero of the story. • Examples: • Harry Potter was the protagonist in the Harry Potter series. • Superman is a protagonist because he is a superhero.

19. Rhetoric • Rhetoric is a technique using language to effectively persuade someone either spoken or in written form. • Examples: • Would you like help the kids foundation by adding $1 to your bill.

20. Simile • A simile is a comparison between two different things that have something in common. The key words to look for in a simile are “like” and “as”. • Examples: • He ran like a cheetah. • Lucy is as sweet as honey. • Learn about similes more here

21. Theme • Theme in a story is the main idea or meaning that could be stated directly by the author or indirectly. • Examples: • Lust for Power • Love vs. Hate • Savagery • Friendship

22. Understatement • An understatement is a figure of speech used to make an event or situation sound less important then it actually is. • Examples: • I only won ten million dollars yesterday at the casino. • My sister only broke her arm, no biggy.

23. Verse • A verse is one single line of poetry and songs. It may also be referred to as a stanza. • Examples: • In Flanders Fields In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, row on row They mark our place: an in the sky The larks still bravely singing flies Scarce heard amid the guns below That is one verse in this piece of poetry.

24. Whimsical Settings • Settings are used to describe the time, place and mood of events within a story. • Examples: • The setting of Romeo and Juliet would be in the city of Verona in the 1400’s. • In Anne of Green Gables the setting is in Prince Edward Island in the 1890’s.

25. Excellent Foreshadowing • Foreshadowing is a hint given by the author that tells the reader what will happen in the future of the book. • Examples: • In Romeo and Juliet, the character Chorus tells of the star-crossed lovers that take their lives.

26. funnypuns • A pun is a play on words that is usually funny. Puns use words that have two meanings or two different sounds. • Examples: • We make a great pear. • Lettuce go have lunch. • I read a poem about wind, it was a blast.

27. crazy Antagonists • The antagonist of a story is usually the evil villain.The antagonist is the rival or archenemy of the protagonist. • Examples: • In The Chronicles of Narnia: The lion, the witch and the wardrobe; the white which is the antagonist. • In the Harry Potter series Voldemort is the antagonist.