African Primary and Secondary education fund (APSEF) - Concept NOTE

1. African Primary and Secondary education fund (APSEF) - Concept NOTE Lina Henao SDG Advisor

2. Outline Objective Education in Africa Finance Gap The Fund

3. Objective • Hear from you! • Get inputs from discussion to shape the Fund • Set first milestone for the Fund

4. Education in Africa • No African country has achieved universal primary education. • Out of the 63.3 million children out of school in primary age, 54%live in sub-Saharan Africa and 56% of them are girls. • Lower secondary and upper secondary enrolment are the lowest in the world at 50%, and 32%. • 45 students per class in primary schools. • Maths textbook shared by more than 10 students. • 1 in 3 primary schools do not have a toilet. • Secondary schools can accommodate only 36% of qualifying secondary students.

5. Education in Africa % of Children Reaching Functional Reading by Age 10 • Less than a fifth of children in primary reach basic international learning benchmarks, compared to 88% in high-income countries. • 7 out of 100 secondary-school aged children are learning minimum secondary-level skills. • Less than 1 in 20 poor rural girls in SSA on track to complete secondary school, which is seven times less likely than non-poor urban boys.

6. Education in Africa in 2030 • Only 3 out of 10 school-aged children will be on track to achieve basic primary-level skills. • Less than 1 out of 10 in school-children will be on track to achieve minimum secondary-school level skills by 2030. The expected learning outcomes of cohort of students who are of school age in 2030

7. Education in Africa- Main Problems • Access • Quality • Lack of teachers ( quality and quantity) • Infrastructure • Inequality • Resources

8. Importance of Education • Basic education is crucial in bridging students with higher education. • Important produce graduates with the skills the labour market is demanding • It takes five years for a university graduate to obtain a job. • Young people in Africa make up nearly 40% of the working-age population, yet 60% are unemployed. • Graduates being able to find productive jobs is a key catalyst for economic growth.

9. Education: The Best Investment • 1dollar invested in a one-year increase in the mean years of schooling generates more than US$5 in additional gross earnings and US$5 additional if health benefits are considered • Investing in girls education is a catalyst for cutting child and maternal deaths, and lifting people out of poverty. • Investing early and sufficiently, including everyone and leveraging synergies with other sectors is the best way to reap the benefits of education.

10. Financing gap • Targets • Universal Access • Improved Quality • Improved Infrastructure Annual Expenditure per student in SS Africa USD$ Total cost in billion US$ • Annual total cost of primary education is projected to more than double from, US$38 b to US$87 b • Secondary education needs to almost triple, from US$41 bi in 2015 to US$114 b 2030. • Post secondary will need to triple

11. Financing gap dccd Education ODA stagnated in US$11 to US$12 billion since 2007, while infrastructure ODA sky-rocketed from 10 to 37 US$ billion, from 2002 to 2014.

12. Solutions • Quality • More Teachers • Better Teachers • Higher Public expenditure • Increase School Time • Leverage Technology • Data and Reporting • Quick wins In-school programs • Access • Increase enrolment • Healthy Students • Community-based accountability

13. Solutions

14. Why a Separate Education fund for Africa? • MDG era only US$4 billion were raised by the development community for the African education cause in 15 years. • If left solely to international partners, the required monetary effort would not suffice. • Africa needs to put in place its own vehicle that will take into account the urgency of the problem. Magnitude of the issue: By 2015 the financial need to provide in Sub Saharan Africa access, quality and equity in primary and secondary was 79 billion (US ), this need will be 210 billion in 2030, considering population trajectories and rise in prices.

15. APSEF propositions…. • US$20 billion incremental fund • Matching grant with countries’ commitment with best practices and specific targets. • Conditional and target-performance based. • Potential source of funding: • Increasing education expenditure • Foreign governments (OECD countries increasing their ODA) • Channeling South to South resources (exe: BRICS) • Private sector • Philanthropists • Education foundations • Non-governmental organizations • Secretariat- education expert and technicians. Each nation represented by its Ministries of Education and National Planning.

16. APSEF • The Board - Pool of rotating Education Ministers from at least each region (North, West, Central East and Southern), education academics and policy experts and donor representatives. • Eligibility – conditional to each nation’s commitment, an education expenditure benchmark will be established, according to countries circumstances, which on the lower bound will determine eligibility and above that benchmark additional budgetary efforts will be rewarded with a matching mechanism. • Fund operation and Replenishment - US$20 billion in 3 years, from 2021 to 2023, with a target of raising US$10 billion in the first year and the remaining 10 in the other two. • In 2021, 75% of the available funds will be disbursed ideally, with the conditionality of always safeguarding 25% of the fund.