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Lesson 26~27. Earthquakes. Zhundong No.1 Middle School Fukang Xijiang Li Ming. The aims and points of these two lessons. 1. Understanding the destructiveness of the earthquakes. 2. Knowing how to use the words and phrases.
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Lesson 26~27 Earthquakes Zhundong No.1 Middle School Fukang Xijiang Li Ming
The aims and points of these two lessons 1. Understanding the destructiveness of the earthquakes. 2. Knowing how to use the words and phrases. 3. Finding out the specialities of the attributive clause. 4. Being able to finish the exercises.
The new words and expressions a large number of ; cut off ; stay up ; scientist ; plate ; Pacific ; point ; movement ; line ; gap ; bookstore
Paragraph 1 At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th,1906, the city of San Francisco was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires.
the number of …～ …的数量。作主语时谓语用单数。 a (large) number of …～ 许多…。作主语时谓语用复数。 eg：The number of the students in our class is thirty-five. A large number of the students plant trees every year. as many as …～ 和…一样多/多达…/…之多。常用于人/物的具体数量前。 as much as …～ 表总量/单位量的大小。常用在雨量/水量/时间量钱数/价 格等方面。 eg: There are as many as 75 students in our class. The workers have built as many as 200 buildings here. His father earns as much as 1000 dollars in a week in the USA. It rains as much as 95 inches in Guangdong province each year.
EARTHQUAKE AND FIRE The ground had broken open for more than 270 miles along a great fault — the rift. The greatest displacement had been 21 feet about 30 miles northwest of San Francisco. Area destroyed by fire of April 18-21, 1906
Paragraph 2～3 Another earthquake shook San Francisco on October 17th, 1989. It was America’s second strongest earthquake and about 100 people were killed. It happened in the evening as people were travelling home. A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below. Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky ones were not hurt. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the centre of town but about 50 kilometres away. In one part of the town a great many buildings were destroyed. These buildings were over 50 years old, so they were not strong enough. There were a lot of fires all over the city. The electricity was cut off for several days too.
It was America’s second strongest earthquake. 注意：一般情况下在序数词和形容词/副词的最高级前要加定冠词 the， 但当序数词和最高级前出现物主代词时不再需要定冠词。 eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. The Yellow River is China’s second longest river. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the centre of town but about 50 kilometres away. not…but… = not that…but that… — 不是…而是… eg: He is not a poet but a writer. Not that I dislike the work but that I have no time.
Paragraph 4 Why do earthquakes happen ? Scientists explained that the outside of the earth is made of a number of different plates. At San Francisco the Pacific plate which is moving towards the northwest meets the North American plate. The Pacific plate is moving very slowly —— at 5.3 centimetres a year. Sometimes these two plates stop and do not move for years. Then suddenly, they jump and an earthquake is left. As a result of the the movement of these plates, west America near the sea has always been a bad place for earthquakes. When the 1906 earthquake happened, the Pacific plate jumped 5-6 metres to the north.
move at 5.3 centimetres a year run/move/go/walk/travel…at (the speed/rate of)…an hour —— 以每小时…速度… eg: Now the fastest train in our country can run at the speed/rate of 200 kilometres an hour. The car ran at 80 kilometres per hour at that time. As a result of the the movement of these plates as a result — 结果 as a result of … — 由于…原因/结果 eg: It rained heavily yesterday, as a result, they didn’t finish the task. As a result of the heavy rain, they didn’t finish the task.
Eurasian plate • San Francisco American plate Pacific plate African plate India plate Antarctic plate
Paragraph 4 North American plate • Earthquake Happens Pacific plate East West South
Paragraph 5 We cannot stop earthquakes, but we can do things to make sure they do not destroy whole cities. First, it is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together. Second, if you think there may be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rock not on sand. Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
We can do things to make sure they do not destroy whole cities. do things to do sth. — 采取措施干某事 eg: We must try our best to do things to stop the pollution. Can you do things to finish the work as soon as possible? It is not a good idea to build houses along the lines. It is better to build houses on rock not on sand. It is (a/an) + n. to do sth. — 干某事是… It is adj./comparative (superlative) degree to do sth. — 干某事是… eg: It is a good job to be a doctor in that hospital. It is our duty to study harder for us students. It is good to see you here. It is the most exciting to see our football team win the game.
Paragraph 6 Scientists are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco. They call it “The Big One”. However, people today are still building more houses. The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906.This means that if there is another big earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.
Scientists are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the area be afraid to do sth. — 害怕干某事 be afraid of sth./doing sth. — 害怕某事/干某事（不能控制的事） be afraid that clause. — 害怕/恐怕 + 从句 eg: She was afraid to go out alone at such night. He was very afraid of breaking the test tube. Girls are always afraid of dogs. I’m afraid that it is going to rain tomorrow. San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906 表示A比B大 … 倍的三 种句 型 1. A be/do … times + adj./adv.CD + than B 2. A be/do … times + as + adj./adv. + as B 3. A be … times + the size/height/length … of B eg: Line A is four times longer than Line B. This room is twice as big as that one. The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. We shall produce ten times as much grain as we did in 1980.
Questions 1. How many people died in the earthquake of San Francisco in 1906 ? — About 700 people died . 2. What were people doing when the earthquake happened in 1989 ? — People were travelling home. 3. What houses were destroyed in the earthquake in 1989 ? — The buildings over 50 years old were destroyed. 4. What’s the reason of the earthquakes ? — The movement of the plates is the reason of the earthquakes. 5. What can we do in face of the earthquakes ? — (1). Don’t build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together. (2). Build houses on rock not on sand. (3). Make the houses as strong as possible. 6. What are the scientists afraid ? — They are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit San Francisco.
Sum Up the number of …～ …的数量。作主语时谓语用单数。 a (large) number of …～ 许多…。作主语时谓语用复数。 1. as many as …～ 和…一样多/多达…/…之多。常用于人/物的具体数量前。 as much as …～ 表总量/单位量的大小。常用在雨量/水量/时间量钱数/价格等方面。 2. 一般情况下在序数词和形容词/副词的最高级前要加定冠词 the，但当数词和最高级前出现物主代词时不再需要定冠词。 3. 4. not…but… = not that…but that… — 不是…而是… 5. run/move/go/walk/travel…at (the speed/rate of)…an hour —— 以每小时…速度… as a result — 结果 as a result of … — 由于…原因/结果 6. 7. do things to do sth. — 采取措施干某事 It is (a/an) + n. to do sth. — 干某事是… It is adj./comparative (superlative) degree to do sth. — 干某事是… 8. be afraid to do sth. — 害怕干某事 be afraid of sth./doing sth. — 害怕某事/干某事（不能控制的事） be afraid that clause. — 害怕/恐怕 + 从句 9. 表示A比B大 … 倍的三 种句 型 1. A be/do … times + adj./adv.CD + than B 2. A be/do … times + as + adj./adv. + as B 3. A be … times + the size/height/length … of B 10.
