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Ch 5: Work-related Attitudes

Ch 5: Work-related Attitudes. Part 3: Feb 21, 2006. Diversity Policies. Affirmative Action programs – social responsibility to make up for past wrongs. Encourage hiring of women & minorities in underrepresented areas. Why resistance to these programs?. Tokenism research.

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Ch 5: Work-related Attitudes

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  1. Ch 5: Work-related Attitudes Part 3: Feb 21, 2006

  2. Diversity Policies • Affirmative Action programs – social responsibility to make up for past wrongs. • Encourage hiring of women & minorities in underrepresented areas. • Why resistance to these programs?

  3. Tokenism research • Kanter’s (1977) study of ‘tokens’ in large companies • 3 perceptual tendencies when small number of minorities: • Tokens receive more attention • Contrast betw token & majority – what is result? • Assimilation of tokens – when?

  4. Relational Demography • Relationship between individual’s demographics & group’s demographics • Tsui’s research – perceived similarity may affect individual’s work attitudes & behaviors • What did she find regarding increasing diversity in work groups?

  5. Diversity Training • Awareness-based programs – recognize our underlying assumptions about culture. • Triandis’ cultural assimilator: • provide info about values, history, assumptions of cultures to U.S. managers • How effective is this?

  6. Diversity Training (cont.) • Skill-based programs – focus on cross-cultural communication, flexibility, conflict resolution (combine w/awareness trng). • Comparison of award-winning companies w/diversity initiatives and those involved in lawsuits • Effects on bottom-line?

  7. Cox’s Acculturation Model • Describes how orgs differ in their stage of diversity development • Dimensions: • Acculturation • Structural integration • Informal integration • Org identification • Intergroup conflict

  8. Cox (cont.) • These dimensions determine which of 3 models org best fits: • 1. Monolithic – least amount of integration • 2. Plural – more heterogeneity, but skewed integration across function, level, work group • 3. Multicultural – diversity at all levels of decision making

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