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N O N C O N VE N T I O N A L E N E R G Y RESOURCES

N O N C O N VE N T I O N A L E N E R G Y RESOURCES. PRESENTED BY :- A NK I T S A X E N A & A N A N D PR A K A S H MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT. E ner gy g en e ra t e d b y geothermal heat, and. using wind, tides, bio m a s s inc l u d in g f arm. s o l a r, an d.

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N O N C O N VE N T I O N A L E N E R G Y RESOURCES

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  1. NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES PRESENTED BY :- ANKIT SAXENA & ANAND PRAKASH MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.

  2. Energy generated by geothermal heat, and using wind, tides, biomass including farm solar, and Introduction animal waste is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavyexpenditure.

  3. Natural resources that can be replaced and reused by nature are termed renewable. Natural resources that cannot be replaced are termednonrenewable.  Non renewable vs.Renewable Renewable resources are replaced through natural processes at a rate that is equal to or greater than the rate at which they are used, and depletion is usually not aworry.  Nonrenewable resources are exhaustible and are extracted faster than the rate at which they formed. E.g. Fossil Fuels (coal, oil, naturalgas). 

  4. Because they are fossil fuels they do have a life expectancy. Burning fossil fuels has increased atmospheric pollution.  How much longer can we depend on Fossil fuels?  The carbon stored in fossil fuels is released as carbon dioxide when they are burnt – this leads to the green house effect and globalwarming. 

  5. Electricity products Sector wise Consumption of (Utilities), Natural Gas, Petroleum during2011-12 Reference: Energy Statistics2013

  6. Source wise and state wise estimated potential of renewable power in INDIA as on31.03.2012

  7. SolarEnergy

  8. RadiantEnergy

  9. HeatingWater SpaceHeating Generating ElectricalEnergy Major uses of SolarEnergy

  10. Daylighting • PassiveSolar Heating • Concentrating SolarThermal • Photovoltaic's • (PV) SolarTechnologies

  11. PassiveSolar These homes in Montana and California with a passive solar design heats the home in thewinter.

  12. How a Solar Power PlantWorks

  13. PowerTower

  14. Predictablesourceof“green"energyduringlifetimeof barrage • It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste; it needs nofuel. • Not expensive tomaintain. • Tidal energy has an efficiency of 80% in converting the potential energy of the water intoelectricity • Vertical-axis tidal generators may be joined together in seriesto create a ‘tidal fence’ capable of generating electricity on a scale comparable to the largest existing fossil fuel based, hydroelectric and nuclear energy generationfacilities AdvantagesofusingTidalPower

  15. Disadvantages of using Tidal Power • A barrage acrossan estuary is very expensive to build, and affects a very wide area – the environment ischangedformanymilesupstreamanddownstream • Itprovides power for around 10 hours each day, when the tide is actually moving in or out, which is not verymuch • Existing ecosystems would be heavily altered, with new species moving in and perhaps dominating old species • Tidal power schemes have a high capitalcost

  16. EnvironmentalImpactsofTidalStream Generation

  17. The most active geothermal resources are usually found where earthquakesoccurvolcanoes,hot springs, geysers, volcanoes areconcentrated. Where CanWe FindGeothermal Energy?

  18. No fuel is burned, so there is no airpollution. The steam is turned into water and put back into theearth. Geothermal energy is cheap – new power plants can make electricity for about the same as coal powerplants. GeothermalEnergyisClean& Cheap.

  19. Geothermalpowerplantin USA

  20. Photo of Geo thermal power plant

  21. HydroelectricEnergy

  22. Layout Of Hydel powerplant

  23. plants Location Of hydropower • Generally located nearrivers • Dams • Streams • High pressure watersources

  24. • Produces2069 MW; Grand Coulee is6465 MW! Chief Joseph Dam inWashington • The otherkind of dam isthe storage dam with a high reservoir

  25. Fish ladder to allow fish to bypassthe dam andturbines • Federal fish counters identify and tally them Chief Joseph Dam “FishLadder”

  26. • Bonneville Damupstream fromPortland Electrical Switch Yard at aDam • Energyfrom the turbinesis collected on bus bars for transmission After a transformer raises the voltage (and decreases the current), the high lines connect to the red-and-white tower’s insulators to be connected into thegrid

  27. High power has three phases, thus three single- phase transformer s are used for each generator’s output Utah Dam ElectricalTransformers

  28. The water strikes the wheel about mid-way up so the inertia and the weight of the water push the wheelaround Working Of WaterWheels WaterFlow

  29. Hydroelectric Power Plants inIndia

  30. Continued…

  31. Continued…

  32. WindEnergy

  33. Winds are caused by the uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the earth's surface, and rotation of theearth. The terms "wind energy" or "wind power" describe the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power orelectricity

  34. Rotor Common Wind TurbineConstruction • • Blades are connected to a hub, which is connected to ashaft Rotational speed will depend on blade geometry, number of blades, and wind speed (40 to 400 revolutions per minute typical speedrange) Gear box needed to increase speed to 1200-1800 RPM forgenerator •

  35. Contd….

  36. Small (10kW) • Homes • Farms • RemoteApplication • Intermediate (10-250kW) • VillagePower • HybridSystems • DistributedPower Sizes andApplications • Large (660 kW -2+MW) • Central Station WindFarms • DistributedPower • CommunityWind

  37. Location of windfarms • Mountains or hilly areas • It can be build even on seasides oroceans

  38. 3D View of 1.5 mwturbine

  39. ADVANTAGES OF WINDPOWER No by-product isproduced Although wind turbines can be very tall each takes up only a small plot ofland. Remote areas that are not connected to the electricity power grid can use wind turbines to produce their own supply. Wind turbines are available in a range of sizes which means a vast range of people and businesses can usethem.

  40. DISADVANTAGES OFWIND POWER: Notuniform Wind turbines are noisy. (About 70mph). Capacity of wind turbines isless. Less efficiency (About30%)

  41. Government created the Department of Non-conventional Energy Sources (DNES) in 1982. In 1992 a full fledged Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources was established under the overall charge of the PrimeMinister. The range of its activitiescover Promotion of renewable energytechnologies, Create an environment conducive to promote renewable energy technologies, Create an environment conducive for their commercialization, 4.Renewable energy resourceassessment, 5.Research and development, 6.Demonstration, 7.Production of biogas units, solar thermal devices, solar photovoltaics, cookstoves, wind energy and small hydropowerunits. Renewable energy scenario inIndia

  42. Questions?

  43. THANKYOU

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