____________ limited in Arabia Commerce lively _______________ converged at Arabian Peninsula

1. The Setting Religious Function • ____________ limited in Arabia • Commerce lively • _______________ converged at Arabian Peninsula • ___________ as well as merchandise exchanged • Trade-dependent _________ rose near coasts • _______, near Red Sea, most important of coastal towns • The _________, cube-shaped structure, at heart of Mecca • 500s, already ancient, considered ___________ • Possible meteorite, “_______ from heaven” • ________ of local gods inside • Site drew religious _________ • One god considered supreme: ____________ How it Began: The Arabian Peninsula Arabia was sparsely populated 1,500 years ago. Small bands of ______________ moved their herds between oases in the desert.

2. Early Life Muhammad’s Faith • Muhammad ibn Abd Allah born ______ • Parents died, Muhammad raised by uncle, powerful clan leader • Grew up to have successful career in Mecca as ____________ • Married to older woman at age 25, fathered ________ children, all but one of whom died young • Met followers of Judaism, Christianity while ______________ • ____________________________ • Had always been _____________, but faiths of others probably also influenced Muhammad’s thinking • Took frequent spiritual __________ • __________ appeared to him during retreat, commanded him to speak messages from Allah • Muhammad disturbed by visitation, unsure of meaning • After more visits from angel, Muhammad concluded God _____ • ____________________________ Muhammad the Messenger

3. The Revelations to Muhammad Messages Among many messages from angel, Muhammad reported Allah __________ __________________________________________________________. • Other messages, instructions on how to live to please Allah, live in paradise Public Preaching • Muhammad originally told only wife, few friends about experiences • Began to preach in public after about ______ years, attracted many followers • Some powerful _________________ did not accept teachings Safety • Many disliked Muhammad’s criticism of ______________________________ • Only protection of ______________ kept him safe • After uncle’s death Muhammad knew he and followers not safe in Mecca

4. Sharing the Revelations Hegira • ______, Muhammad moved to Yathrib, came to be called ___________, “the Prophet’s City”; journey from Mecca to Medina came to be known as hegira • Later Muslims marked year of ___________ as first year of Islamic calendar Building Faith • Muhammad spent a ______________ building community of fellow believers • Called faith Islam, meaning “______________________________________” • Followers known as ____________ Mecca • People of ____________ who wanted Muhammad stopped did not give up • Fought several battles with Muhammad, followers, ultimately lost ground • 630, Muhammad ______________________ Mecca, influence unmatched

5. Qur’an Five Pillars of Islam • Muslims read from Qur’an to hear Allah’s _____________________ • Seek _______________________ in rhythm, beauty of words • ______________________ known only in original Arabic language • Five ________________________ _________________ central to Islam • Profession of ___________ • Performance of _____ daily prayers • Giving of alms to ______________ • _______ during month of Ramadan • Make _______________ to Mecca Basic Ideas of Islam • As Muhammad gained __________________, revelations continued • Muhammad could not read, write; __________________ revelations • Followers _____________________ words, some wrote them down • Writings Muslims believe as direct revelations from God collected in ________________, sacred test of Islam

6. Guidelines for Behavior • Qur’an provides _________________________________________ • Muslims may not eat _______, drink _______________, must wash before ___________________ • Qur’an prohibits _________________________________________ • Requires _______, to defend Muslim community Sunna and Sharia • Record of Muhammad’s ______________, teachings known as Sunna, “______________,” provides guidance in personal relationships, business • Muslim __________ system known as Sharia, reflects various rules by which Muslims should live, outlines reasoning, _____________ for legal cases; opinions, writings over several ________________

7. The Basics of Faith • Belief in One God: _______________ • Belief in _______________________ • All the __________________ Books as revealed by _________ to various prophets • __________, Jinns(Demons), Life after Death and the Day of _________________, Heaven and Hell

8. Allah – the One God • Allah is the Arabic name for God used by Muslims of the world as well as Arab Christians. • Say: He is God, the One and Only;  God, the Eternal, Absolute;  He begets not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him. (The Quran, Chapter 112)

9. Who is God, “Allah?” • One God, the one _________________ by Abraham, Moses, Jacob, Noah, Josef, Jesus …etc • __________________ God, i.e. does not need to rest, does not make mistakes, all knowing, in full control, and has all the attributes of beauty and greatness. FLAWLESS. • Did not _________ nor was he ______________; infinite and eternal • Not being able to see him ≠ does not exist, signs of _____________________________ are every where

10. Chain of the Prophets All Prophets came with same ________________ and taught the same guidance Adam Idris Noah Muslims believe in all the Prophets without making any _____________ among them. They are all equally loved and _____________. Lot Hud Abraham Jacob Joseph Moses David Solomon Isra Prophets are sent as ___________ to human kind to lead them from ______________to light. John Jesus Mohamed

11. Prophet Muhammad • Descendant of _______________, the first son of Abraham. • Born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in the year _________ C.E. • Received first revelation at the age 40 through angel __________________. • Died in the year 632 C.E, after preaching Islam for ______ years.

12. Belief in the Holy Books (Scripture)‏ ___________________ sacred books revealed to the Prophets from the Lord brought down by the archangel, Jibraa’il (Gabriel). 1)The _______________(Biblical name) / ______________ (Qur’anic name) revealed to Prophet David‏ • They were: 2)The ______________ (Biblical name) / __________________ (Qur’anic name) revealed to Prophet Moses 3)The _______________(Biblical name) / ________________ (Qur’anic name) revealed to Prophet Jesus. 4)The ______________(Biblical name) / __________________ (Qur’anic name) revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

13. Quran: The Holy Book • ______________________ as given by the Prophet in Arabic • _______ years of revelations (610 - 632 C.E.)‏ • _____ Chapters; One chapter, ______________ revelations • Historic ___________ matters • Verses explain ____________ • ___________________ needed in the light of Arabic, history, and Sunnah (tradition)‏

14. Angels of God and Demons (Jinn)‏ • The Almighty Powerful King should have __________ to carry on his orders and commands: angels • Created from _____________ • Do not have a ________________ to obey or disobey; have only good will to obey. • ___________ was not an angel, he was from the _________ (demons) created from _____. • Demons do not have a free will to obey or disobey; have only __________ will to disobey.

15. Five Pillars of Worship and Obedience • _________ (There is no God but Allah)‏ • _________ (Salah)‏ • ___________ (Zakat)‏ • ___________ ( Ramadan)‏ • ____________ (Hajj)‏ • Optional 6th: Any act done according to Quran and Sunnah to_________________

16. Prayers (Salah)‏ • ______ Daily Prayers from Dawn to Late Evening regulate a Muslim’s day • Prayers involve _________, standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting ________ • Face ___________, prayers in Arabic as taught by the Prophet. • Additional Prayers optional

17. Charity (Zakat)‏ • 024.056 So establish regular Prayer and give regular Charity; and obey the Apostle; that ye may receive mercy. (The Quran)‏ • Required ________charity on yearly savings to assist the poor, widows, orphans, those in heavy debt, slaves, etc., and to further the spread of Islam. • A Muslim must be a ______________ person, in actions as well as in tithing.

18. Fasting • 002.183 O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-restraint. (The Quran)‏ • Ramadan is _____month in Islamic Lunar calendar • Daily dawn to sunset fast for 29/30 days (no food or drink)‏ • Spiritual exercise to train the spiritual muscle of _____________________

19. Hajj (Pilgrimage)‏ • Pilgrimage to Mecca __________________ ______________for able Muslims. • About 2-3 million Muslims perform ______ each year from all over the world. • Eidul-Adha: the biggest Muslim Holiday

20. Purpose of Life • All creation worships God without a ____________. They can not choose not to worship him with the exception of human and Jinn. • God created us and gave us ___________________ to worship him with our choice. Worship, obey, sacrifice, fight evil, even though we have the choice to do otherwise. • We were inspired with both ________________ and evil __________________, so we must have a free will to choose.

21. Meaning of Islam • Islam is “________________ to the Will of Allah” (Deity). • Islam is derived from the word ___________ (peace), so its literal meaning is PEACE. • The people who practice Islam are called __________________ There is an estimate of 1.200 billion Muslims in the world!