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Geologic History of Texas: The Making of Texas Over 1.5 Billion Years

Geologic History of Texas: The Making of Texas Over 1.5 Billion Years. # 4. Dr. Richard Kyle March 24, 2000.

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Geologic History of Texas: The Making of Texas Over 1.5 Billion Years

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  1. Geologic History of Texas:The Making of Texas Over 1.5 Billion Years # 4 Dr. Richard Kyle March 24, 2000 Produced by and for Hot Science - Cool Talks by the Environmental Science Institute. We request that the use of these materials include an acknowledgement of the presenter and Hot Science - Cool Talks by the Environmental Science Institute at UT Austin. We hope you find these materials educational and enjoyable.

  2. Geologic History of Texas: The Making of Texas over 1.5 Billion Years Geologic History of Texas: The Making of Texas over 1.5 Billion Years J. Richard Kyle Department of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at Austin

  3. Acknowledgments I am grateful to many individuals who have contributed to my understanding of the geologic history of Texas, particularly present and former colleagues at The University of Texas at Austin in the Department of Geological Sciences, the Bureau of Economic Geology, the Institute for Geophysics, and the Texas Memorial Museum. These individuals and institutions have contributed many of the illustrative materials contained in this CD-ROM. The presentation contained herein was made by J. Richard Kyle and is intended for educational purposes only. Any use of this work, partial or complete, must cite J. Richard Kyle and this Outreach Lecture Series Volume 4. No portion of this product may be reproduced or distributed in any form. March 2000

  4. 3. Texas Today

  5. Plate Tectonics

  6. Texas Geography Austin

  7. Texas Geology Austin

  8. 7. Geologic time scale – major Texas events

  9. Geologic Time Principles 8. Geologic Time Principles Several geologic principles are fundamental to using the rock record to interpret processes. Original Horizontality: Most rocks that form at the Earth's surface are deposited in essentially horizontal layers. Therefore, when layered rocks are not horizontal, they probably have been affected by post-depositional processes such as a tectonic event. Superposition: When layered rocks are formed, they are deposited in an orderly sequence with the oldest being at the base of the sequence and the strata becoming progressively younger upward. Therefore when a sequence of rocks differs from the predicted sequence, or layers are missing, then an explanation for the cause of these differences is required. Cross-cutting Relationships: Features such as faults or igneous intrusions generally cross-cut or affect all rocks that were present locally at the time of the faulting or intrusive event. Uniformitarianism:Present Earth processes are useful in understanding the types and rates of processes that have affected the Earth during past periods of geologic history.

  10. Central Texas roadcut

  11. Llano stratigraphic column

  12. Time Interpretation Based on Llano Stratigraphic Column Erosion D Mesozoic Erosion C Erosion Paleozoic B Erosion Protero- zoic A Geologic Time 0 Ma 200 Llano rocks D 400 B C 600 A 800 1000 1200 1400

  13. Central Texas geologic map

  14. Deformed metamorphic rocks cut by granite dike Intrusive dike crosscutting folded metamorphic rocks.

  15. Enchanted Rock

  16. Granite slabs

  17. Tectonic Model for the Precambrian History of the Llano Region

  18. Himalayas Tibet Plateau Himalayas India

  19. Late Proterozoic Position of Texas

  20. Precambrian – Paleozoic time chart

  21. Complex topography on Enchanted Rock

  22. Great Barrier Reef, eastern Australia Tree Covered Island Bird

  23. PLATES Lower Paleozoic reconstruction

  24. Lower Paleozoic life panorama

  25. Marathon map Marathon Uplift

  26. Marathon exposures Flat-lying Cretaceous Limestones Dip direction Haymond Formation

  27. Caballos Novaculite aerial exposures

  28. Marathon tectonic evolution

  29. New Guinea

  30. PLATES Late Paleozoic

  31. Ouachita Orogeny and Formation of the Permian Basin

  32. Delaware Basin

  33. Delaware Basin Section

  34. El Capitan Reef

  35. Permian Basin filling by Evaporites OPEN OCEAN

  36. Evaporation

  37. Potash-bearing salt at Carlsbad

  38. Mesozoic – Cenozoic time chart

  39. PLATES Early Mesozoic

  40. Rifting and Formation of the Gulf of Mexico Basin

  41. Death Valley, California Volcano Salt Lake

  42. Gulf of Mexico – Pacific Connection

  43. Distribution of northern Gulf of Mexico Salt Diapirs

  44. East Texas Basin Salt Structures

  45. Salt in a Salt Dome Mine

  46. Distribution of Cretaceous Limestones

  47. Cretaceous Limestone Exposures along the Colorado River in Austin

  48. Cretaceous Volcanoes in Central and South Texas Pilot Knob Uvalde area

  49. Hawaii volcano

  50. Cretaceous Interior Seaway

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