Review of: adjective agreement, ser, nouns & articles

Review of:adjective agreement,ser,nouns & articles

Adjective Agreement • Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. • In Spanish, they agree with the noun: • in number (singular/plural) • in gender (masculine/feminine)

Adjective Agreement • Adjectives usually come after the noun described. • a tall boy = un chico alto • the red house=la casa roja • the big books = • los libros grandes

Adjective Agreement • Adjectives that end in “o” have 4 forms: Example: alto

Adjective Agreement • Adjectives that end in “e” only have 2 forms: Ex: inteligente

Adjective Agreement • Adjectives that end in a consonant have 2 forms as well. • Example: azul

Adjective Agreement • EXCEPTION: If the adjective ends in “-or”, then you add an “a” for the feminine form so it has 4 forms. Example: trabajador

Adjective Agreement • EXCEPTION: If the adjective ends in “-ista”, then it only has 2 forms. Example: deportista

Ser • Ser is used to: • identify people and things • tell time, day, dates • professions • origin (de) • possession/ownership • relationship

Ser • Ser is used to: • describe people and things

Ser • The verb “ser” is used when describing people. somos soy eres sois es son

Ser • The verb “ser” is used when describing people. We are I am You are you are you (pl.) are You are He/She is they are

Nouns and Articles • All Spanish nouns are either masculine or feminine. • Most nouns that refer to males are masculine. • Most nouns that refer to females are feminine. • el actor / la actriz

Nouns and Articles • The definite articles (the) are:

Nouns and Articles • The indefinite articles (a, an or some) are:

Nouns and Articles • Most nouns that end in the following letters are masculine: • -o, -or, -ón, -ma/-pa

Nouns and Articles • Most nouns that end in the following letters are feminine: • -a, -ción/sión, -dad/-tad

Nouns and Articles • The gender of nouns with other endings is learned through practice.

Nouns and Articles • And of course…there are irregulars:

Nouns and Articles • Lastly, “-ista” words always end in “-ista” • Picasso es un artista talentoso. • Notice that the agreement remains.

Accents • Rule # 1: • Nouns that end in a vowel, n or s have an oral stress on the second to last syllable. • hablo, joven, libros, casa

Accents • Rule # 2: • Nouns that end in a consonant (other than n/s) have a stress on the last syllable. • azul, cartel,

Accents • When some nouns are made plural, accents may be added or dropped in order to keep the same sound. • An accent mark is only used to tell you to break the rule.

el joven: rule says to pronounce this work with an oral stress on the 2nd to last syllable. (the “o”) • el joven  jóvenes • But…when “joven” is made plural it is altering the sound. In order to stop this from happening you add the accent mark to “break the rule” above the original sound which is the “o.”

Accents • el examen  los exámenes • Sometimes it happens the other way around so accent mark is no longer needed • la lección  las lecciones • el autobús  los autobuses

Review of: adjective agreement, ser, nouns & articles