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ANTHROPOLOGY

ANTHROPOLOGY. The broad study of humankind around the world and throughout time. Some Key Questions. "What defines Homo sapiens?" "Who are the ancestors of modern Homo sapiens ?" "What are humans' physical traits?" "How do humans behave?"

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ANTHROPOLOGY

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  1. ANTHROPOLOGY The broad study of humankind around the world and throughout time.

  2. Some Key Questions • "What defines Homo sapiens?" • "Who are the ancestors of modern Homo sapiens?" • "What are humans' physical traits?" • "How do humans behave?" • "Why are there variations and differences among different groups of humans?" • "How has the evolutionary past of Homo sapiens influenced its social organization and culture? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropology

  3. BRANCHES

  4. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY Evolution Genetics Adaptation & Variation Primatology Human fossils CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Cultural aspects of language & communication Kinship Gender roles Class Ethnicity

  5. Other Key Areas • Linguistic Anthropology – looks at the relationship between language (verbal and non-verbal) and culture • Archaeology – looks at artifacts and other products of human material culture for clues to nutrition, symbols, art, written language, etc.

  6. SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT

  7. Functionalism • Considers a culture as an interrelated whole • Looks at the social functions (the roles and purpose) of institutions • ex. What purpose in society does education serve? How does a family contribute to the overall stability of society? • This school of thought in anthropology has similar characteristics to sociology

  8. Structuralism • Assumes that cultural forms are based on common properties of the human mind. • Humans see all things as 2 forces that are opposite to each other eg. Day and night • The goal of structuralism is to discover universal principles of the human mind underlying each cultural trait and custom • This school of thought in anthropology has similar characteristics to psychology

  9. Cultural Materialism • This school of thought believes that technology and economic factors are the most important factors shaping a culture (hence the term ‘materialism’).

  10. IT’S COOL TO BE DIFFERENT

  11. Valentine’s Day in Japan • JAPAN – On Feb 14th a female gives a gift of chocolate (usually homemade) to a male and on Mar 14th (known as White Day) the male returns the gift to the female…essentially the female has chosen her own gift! www.novareinna.com/festive/valworld.html

  12. Balinese Names Birth order names enable a person's position in the family to be immediately identified. It is automatically taken at birth; even a stillborn child is named. • 1st born: Wayan, Gede or Putu. • 2nd born: Made, Nengah or Kadek. • 3rd born: Nyoman or Komang. • 4th born: Ketut.

  13. Then the names are repeated, so the fifth and ninth child is called Wayan, etc. The system resembles the endless cycles of rebirth, the repetitious days of the week and the music of the gamelan. There is no difference in birth order names for males and females. http://www.murnis.com/culture/articlenamestitlesandcaste.htm

  14. I AM CANADIAN • MOLSON CANADIAN RANT • What symbols are connected with Canadian identity? • Why do you believe The Rant was so effective as an advertising campaign? • What does it say about Canadian culture with respect to our neighbours south of the border? • Is it cool to be “Proud to be Canadian?”

  15. Tim Horton’s Anthro Commercials • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqWLYCDG_6E&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aQkrV3ppAw&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mlfJ09WisQ

  16. WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE HUMAN?

  17. WHERE, OH WHERE, DID WE COME FROM???

  18. Evolution “DARWINISM” Suggests that all species originated from one common ancestor and through a series of evolutionary changes and adaptations became what we are today. Creationism The religious belief that God created the world and the human species “God created man in the image of himself, in the image of God he created him, male and female he created them.” Genesis 1:26-28 HUMAN ORIGINS Similarities among species

  19. Evolution in a Nutshell • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDJV00xDKJA

  20. Creationism Debate Creationism vs Science Debate

  21. KINSHIP • A family relationship based on blood, adoption or marriage • A central area of study in cultural anthropology as kinship affects social organization in all human groups FICTIVE KIN:Acknowledging people as kin who are not biologically related ex. Best friend, Pet, Sister’s Boyfriend, etc.

  22. Tracing Kinship • Matrilineal – tracing through the mother’s line • Patrilineal – tracing through the father’s line • Bilineal – tracing through both the mother and father’s line

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