Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARI NE ENGINEERS 3rd Semester

1. Tomislav Skračić, MAUndergraduate English Course forMARINE ENGINEERS3rd Semester Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., PRITCHARD, B., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers 2, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2009. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003.

2. ACROSS preko; kroz; s druge strane; po, diljem • across the Pacific preko Tihog oceana; • her family is scattered across the country njena je obitelj razasuta po cijeloj zemlji; • there’s a bank across the street banka je s druge strane ulice PREPOSITIONS • ALONG duž, uz, kraj, niz, putem • along the course duž kursa; • sailing along the coast plovidba uz obalu; • they walked slowly along the road polako su hodali uz cestu

3. AT na, u, pri, po, s, prema, uz • 1. mjesto, pozicija, situacija • at anchor na sidru, usidren • at college / facultyna fakultetu • at the back / front straga / sprijeda • at the bottom / top na dnu / na vrhu • at home / work kod kuće, doma / na poslu • at risk u opasnosti, ugrožen • at sea / at sea level na moru / na razini mora • stay at the Ritz odsjesti u hotelu Ritz • 2.vrijeme, frekvencija, redoslijed • at 4 pm u četiri sata popodne • at all times uvijek • at intervals ofu intervalima od • at night / at midnight noću / u ponoć • at the end of the first year na kraju prve godine • at the present timesada, u današnje doba • at the same time istovremeno, u isto vrijeme

4. AT na, u, pri, po, s, prema, uz • 3. aktivnost • at home with upoznat s • children at playdjeca uigri • I'm at work na poslu sam • 4. način • at any rateu svakom slučaju • at random nasumce • at (the) requestna zahtjev, po želji • 5. brzina, stopa, cijena, vrijednost • at a discounts popustom • at a high / low pricepo visokoj / niskoj cijeni • at any price / cost po svaku cijenu • at a rate of brzinom od • at high temperature na / pri visokoj temperature • at no chargebesplatno

5. BEFORE prije, prije nego što, pred, ispred • beforethe compressor prije puhala • suction filterbeforethe turbine mreža usisa prije turbine • Before Christ (BC) prije Krista (p.n.e.) • before the court pred sud(om) PREPOSITIONS • BELOW ispod, pod, podno, niže • belowthe surface of the water ispod površine vode; • the temperatures remained belowfreezing all day temperature su cijeli dan ostale ispod nule; • a police sergeant is belowan inspector policijski narednik je po rangu niži od inspektora

6. BY na; u; uz; s; pod; za; preko; do • by all means svim sredstvima, svakako; • by means of pomoću, posredstvom; • by day po danu / danjem svjetlu; • by night noću • by the end of do kraja, do isteka; • by the year 2025 do 2025. godine; • by water / air vodenim putem / avionom; • by way of preko, via, kroz; putem, posredstvom; • shorten the shaft length by 70 mm skratiti duljinu osovine za 70 mm; • was reduced by 85% je bio smanjen za 85% PREPOSITIONS

7. FOR za, u, dok, jer, po, pošto, zbog, na, u ime • 1. nešto namijenjeno nekom • for defence purposes za obrambene svrhe; • for him / me / you... za njega / mene / vas... • for home use za domaću uporabu • 2. svrha, razlog, namjera • forsome reason iz nekog razloga; • for this purpose u tu svrhu, radi toga, za to; • he came to me for advice došao je k meni po savjet; • for my birthday za moj rođendan; • 5 applicants for the job 5 kandidata za taj posao • 3. funkcija • boat for SAR operations brodica za operacije traganja i spašavanja; • the bus for Trogirautobus za Trogir; • it’s not for me to say why Ivo left nije moje da kažem zašto je Ivo otišao

8. FOR za, u, dok, jer, po, pošto, zbog, na, u ime • 4. pomoć, usluga, posao • she’s working for IBM ona radi za IBM; • What can I do for you?Kako vam mogu pomoći? • 5. podrška • Are you for or against?Jeste li za ili protiv?; • I’m all for it ja sam za to svim srcem; • they voted for independenceoni su glasali za neovisnost • 6. vremenski period • be away for a few days biti odsutan nekoliko dana; • I have known him for a long time poznajem ga već dugo vremena; • for life doživotno; • she has worked here for 5 years ona ovdje radi 5 godina

9. FOR za, u, dok, jer, po, pošto, zbog, na, u ime • 7. u ime • I can't speak for herne mogu govoriti u njeno ime; • he is speaking for everyone in this department on govori u ime svih na ovom odjelu • 8. ostalo • for example (e.g.) na primjer (npr.); • he got an A for biologydobio je peticu iz biologije; • they are anxious for her safety zabrinuti su za njenu sigurnost • she’s tall for her age visoka je za svoje godine; • the weather is warm for the time of year vrijeme je toplo za ovo doba godine

10. FROM od, s, iz • from 8 am to 4 pm od 8 ujutro do 4 popodne • from time to time s vremena na vrijeme, povremeno • from within iznutra; • he is from Canada on je iz Kanade; • subsidies from the government vladine subvencije PREPOSITIONS

11. INu, na, k, uz, za, po • mjesto • as shown in Figure 2 kao što je prikazano na slici 2; • in Murter / America u Murteru / Americi; • in the engine room u strojarnici; • in the lee of the boat u zavjetrini broda; • in the Isle of Man na otoku Man; • in the middle u sredini; • in the street na ulici • 2. ljudi, djela, aktivnosti • in children of that age kod djece te dobi; • proficiency in fast rescue boats vještina upravljanja brzim spasilačkim brodovima

12. 3. vrijeme • in 1964 1964. godine, u 1964-oj; • in June 2011 u lipnju 2011. godine • she'll be here in a momentona će začas biti tu; • in due time pravodobno • in future / in the future ubuduće; u budućnosti; • in spring / autumn u proljeće / jesen; • in the morning / afternoonujutro / popodne; • I will do it in two hours obavit ću to za dva sata • 4. način • in my way na svoj način • pay in advance / in cash platiti unaprijed/gotovinom • in a loud voice glasno, na sav glas; • in alphabetical order abecednim redom; • in bulk u rasutom stanju; u velikim količinama; • in English / French na engleskom / francuskom jeziku; • in good faithu dobroj vjeri; • in reverse krmom, natraške, obrnuto; • in self-defence u samoobrani

13. 5. "in accordance / compliance / conformity / line with" • in accordance with u skladu s, sukladno • in compliance withsukladno, u skladu • in line with u skladu s, sukladno • ~ the EU standards u skladu sa standardima EU; • ~ the provisions sukladno odredbama; • ~ the needs (of) prema potrebama • 6. stanje, okolnosti • in all conditions u svim uvjetima; • in all weathers po svakom vremenu; • in good / bad weather po lijepom / lošem vremenu; • in good / poor visibility pri dobroj / lošoj vidljivosti; • in darkness u tami; • in good condition u dobrom stanju; • inheavy seas po vrlo uzburkanom moru; • in public /in secret javno; tajno; • in the dark / daylight po mraku; za vidjela; • in the sun / rain / shade na suncu / po kiši / u sjeni

14. 7. omjer, stupanj, obim, veličina • in excess of koji premašuje, veći / viši od; • in large / small quantities u velikim / malim količinama; • in part dijelom; • once in a hundred years jednom u sto godina; • smaller in size and weight manji veličinom i težinom • 8. nakon superlativa • I am the best in geography najbolji sam u zemljopisu; • the best in swimming najbolji / najbolja u plivanju; • the highest in Europe najviši u Europi

15. 9. razno • in addition osim, pored, dodatno, k tome, osim toga • in agreement with u dogovoru s • in case ofspecial need u slučaju posebne potrebe; • in charge of zadužen za, odgovoran za • in line u jednom pravcu, usporedan; centriran • in marine engines kod brodskih strojeva, u brodskim strojevima • in two-stroke slow-speed diesel engines u / kod dvotaktnih sporohodnih dizel motora; • in my view po mojem mišljenju / sudu • in return zauzvrat; • in sight na vidiku, u vidokrugu • in the event fire u slučaju požara • in the field ofenergy u energetici • in transit u plovidbi, u transportu, tijekom prijevoza • in turn naizmjence, redom, jedan za drugim

16. INTO u, na • an inquiry into safety procedures uvid u sigurnosne postupke; • Croatia was sliding into recession Hrvatska je klizila u recesiju; • he threw the letter into the fire bacio je pismo u vatru; • insights into business uvid u poslovanje; • they came into poweroni su došli na vlast; • translate into German prevesti na njemački jezik; • turn into gold pretvoriti u zlato PREPOSITIONS

17. ONna, povrh;uključen (oznaka na električnim uređajima) • on the roof na krovu • on a commercial basis na komercijalnoj osnovi • on arrivalpo dolasku • on condition that pod uvjetom da • on its down stroke prema dolje (kod stapa/klipa) • on reciprocal coursesu nasuprotnom kursu • on purpose namjerno, hotimice • on schedule točno, na vrijeme • ONTOna; po • crude oil was spilled (BrE spilt) onto the sea surface sirova nafta se razlila po površini mora; • the ice cracked as I stepped onto it led je pukao kada sam zakoračio na njega • huge waves drove the yacht onto the rocks veliki valovi bacili su jahtu na stijene

18. OVERviše, iznad; s one strane, preko • 1. preko • he wore an overcoat over his suit nosio je kaput preko odijela; • a bridge over the river most preko rijeke; • she climbed over the wall popela se preko zida • 2.iznad • dark skies over the islands tamno nebo iznad otoka; • a lamp over the table svjetiljka iznad stola; • she has only the boss over her samo je šef iznad nje • 3.po cijeloj, po cijelom • snow is falling all over the country snijeg pada po cijeloj zemlji; • they travelled all over the world putovali su po cijelom svijetu / širom svijeta; • he ruled over a great empire vladao je velikim carstvom

19. OVERviše, iznad; s one strane, preko • 4.više od, preko • over 3 million copiespreko 3 milijuna primjeraka; • he’s over sixty njemu je više od šezdeset godina; • she stayed in Rab for over a month provela je na Rabu više od mjesec dana • 5. tijekom, za, za vrijeme • discuss it over lunch raspraviti o tome za ručkom; • she has not changed much over the years ona se tijekom godina nije mnogo promijenila

20. OVERviše, iznad; s one strane, preko • 6. iza (prijeći određenu kritičnu točku) • we’re away over the New Year mi smo na putu do iza Nove godine; • we’re over the worst of the recession prošli smo najgoru fazu recesije; • it took her ages to get over her illness trebale su joj godine da pobijedi svoju bolest • 7. posredstvom, pomoću • we heard it over the radio to smo čuli na radiju; • she wouldn’t tell me over the phone nije mi to htjela reći telefonom / putem telefona

21. THROUGH kroz, preko; u tijeku, za vrijeme; po, posredstvom, pomoću • 1. kroz (prostor) • he drove through a red lightprošao je kroz crveno; • the river flows through Paris rijeka teče kroz Pariz; • the bullet went straight through him metak je prošao ravno kroz njega • 2. kroz, preko (vrijeme, situacija) • he'll not live through the night neće preživjeti noć; • first I have to get through the exams prvo moram položiti ispite; • I’d never have got through it all without you ne bih bio mogao proći kroz sve to bez tebe • 3. posredstvom, pomoću, zbog • you can only achieve success through hard work uspjeh možeš postići samo napornim radom; • it was through him that I got the job dobio sam taj posao zahvaljujući njegovoj pomoći

22. TOprema, u, na, do, sve do; uz, za; po • 1. u smjeru, prema; usmjeren ka • from place to place od mjesta do mjesta; • he fell to the ground pao je na zemlju; • she’s going to Primošten ona ide u Primošten; • a threat to world peace prijetnja svjetskom miru; • people rushed to her rescueljudi su joj priskočili u pomoć • 2. biti smješten u smjeru, prema, sve do • there are mountains to the north na sjeveru se nalaze planine place the cursor to the left of the first wordpostavite kursor s lijeve strane prve riječi • 3. doseći određeno stanje • it’s five to ten sada je pet do deset; • I am drenched to the bone pokisao sam do kože; • he tore the letter to piecesrazderao je pismo u komadiće

23. TOprema, u, na, do, sve do; uz, za; po • 4. od …do (raspon, limit) • from Monday to Friday od ponedjeljka do petka; • he was 25 to 30 years old imao je između 25 i 30 godina; • profits from $15 million to around $18 million zarada od 15 do oko 18 milijuna američkih dolara • 5. ispred osobe koja nešto prima • he gave the book to his sister dao je knjigu svojoj sestri; • I am deeply grateful to my parents duboko sam zahvalan svojim roditeljima • 6. privezano / pričvršćeno uz • attach this rope to the front of the car priveži ovo uže za prednji kraj auta

24. TOprema, u, na, do, sve do; uz, za; po • 7. odnos između osoba / stvari • assistant to the mayorpomoćnik gradonačelnika; • the key to the door ključ od (tih) vrata; • she’s married to an Italian udana je za Talijana; • the solution to this problem rješenje za taj problem • 8. razno • to a great extentu velikoj mjeri; • it sounded like crying to me to je meni zvučalo kao plakanje; • his music isn’t really to my taste njegova glazba nije baš po mom ukusu

25. WITHIN unutar, u, u roku od, u okviru,u dosegu, u opsegu • 1. vrijeme, period • you should receive a reply within seven days trebali biste dobiti odgovor kroz sedam dana; • two elections were held within the space of a year unutar jedne godine dvaput su održani izbori • 2. prostor, udaljenost • a house within a kilometre of the station kuća udaljena jedan kilometar od stanice • 3. raspon, opseg, limit • within the limits of its competence u granicama svoje nadležnosti; • we are now within range of enemy fire sada smo u dometu neprijateljske vatre; • there is discontent within the shipbuilding industryu brodograđevnoj industriji vlada nezadovoljstvo PREPOSITIONS

26. Choose the correct preposition: • Do you often listen AT / IN / TO the radio? • I heard bad news AT / ON / THROUGH the radio last night. • My mother-in-law likes to watch Turkish soap operas AT / IN / ON TV. • Her favourite series is on Channel 2 AT / BY / ON Friday evening. • It is bad AT / FOR / TO the eyes to watch TV too much. • The radio has greatly contributed to safety AT / ON / WITHIN sea and AT / IN / ON the air. • Ships and aircraft are equipped BY / TO / WITH radio so that if they are AT / IN / ON danger they can call BY / FOR / TO help. • If they send a distress signal, another ship may immediately come AT / FOR / TO the rescue. • We’ll meet AT / IN / ON half past 5. PREPOSITIONS – Exercise 1

27. Choose the correct preposition: • BY / THROUGH / VIA means AT / OF / ON radio and TV we are able to know what is going on AT / IN / ON the world. • Seafarers are well-known IN / BY / FOR being superstitious. • My brother works IN / ON / AT the faculty. • The vessel had a crew ABOUT / OF / UNDER 27. • The seas were white WITH / AT / ABOUT spray. • He was shaking AT / IN / WITH cold, and trembling AT / IN / WITH fear. • She’s not angry ON / WITH / AT you anymore. • There was extensive damage TO / ON / FOR the engine. • The ship arrived BY / IN / TO its port of destination. • I’m afraid there’s no solution FOR / AT / TO this problem. • He is an assistant FOR / OF / TO the Chief Engineer. • Adriana is either at home or AT / ON / IN work. • Undergraduate study OF / FROM / IN marine engineering.

28. Complete the text with the following prepositions:at, at, before, below, by, by, from, on, to, via, within • Lucijana got up __________ 4 a.m. and worked on her farm __________ it got too hot. • The machinery space is separated __________ the tank region __________ a cofferdam. • Research vessels carry out a number of tasks __________ sea. • Twilightoccurs after the sun dips __________ the horizon. • Two-stoke outboard engines run __________ a predetermined ratio of gasoline __________ lube oil. • If the engine is installed __________ the boat, it's called an inboard. • Krk island is easy to get to __________ car, __________ the bridge. PREPOSITIONS – Exercise 2

29. PREPOSITIONS – Exercise 3 • Complete the text with the appropriate prepositions: • Natural gas has a boiling point of -162°C __________ atmospheric pressure. • __________ 1980, ports were mainly financed by the government. • The freeboard is usually greater __________ the bow and stern. • Daymarks are displayed __________ day __________ various combinations. • What else do they do, apart __________ building new vessels?

30. Complete the text with the appropriate prepositions: • The shoreline of the mainland stretches __________ 1,778 kilometres. • The type of engine and propulsion system fitted __________ a boat has a significant effect __________ the way the boat performs __________ the water. • Inboard gasoline engines are mainly used __________ fast power boats. • __________ the deck are cargo holds, engine room, and various compartments for work. • The slipway allows for constructing ships __________ 120 m __________ length. • Jackstays rigged __________ each side of the boat will enable you to walk the full length of the deck without unclipping.

31. PREPOSITIONS – Exercise