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Locating Positions on the Earth’s Surface

Locating Positions on the Earth’s Surface. Coordinate System. Surface grid used to locate any position on the Earth Latitude and Longitude. System uses two reference points:. Equator – (0 0 latitude) Imaginary line that circles the earth

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Locating Positions on the Earth’s Surface

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  1. Locating Positions on the Earth’s Surface

  2. Coordinate System • Surface grid used to locate any position on the Earth • Latitude and Longitude

  3. System uses two reference points: • Equator – (00 latitude) • Imaginary line that circles the earth • The angular distance north or south of the equator is called latitude • Lines of latitude are parallel to each other 2. Prime Meridian (00 longitude) • Runs from the north pole to the south pole through Greenwich, England • The angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian is called longitude. • Longitude lines meet at the poles and run north to south

  4. Lines of latitude and longitude on the Globe P R I M E M E R I D I A N Equator--

  5. Globe

  6. Globe to Mercator

  7. Notice the distortion in the polar regions. South America is actually 9 times the size of Greenland

  8. An area of the world will always be distorted with these projections. Projections

  9. Projections Map Projections.asf

  10. Distance using Latitude • One degree of latitude = 111km • Each degree is divided into 60 minutes (60’) Each minute = 1.85km • Each minute is divided into 60 seconds (60”) • 420 30’ 15” N is read as 42 degrees, 30 minutes and 15 seconds north • This means the location is 4718km north of the equator

  11. Distance using Longitude • At the equator, one degree of longitude = 111km • As you go towards the poles, this distance decreases

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