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IWCE – 2009 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS A - W

IWCE – 2009 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS A - W. Ben D. Holycross Radio Systems Manager Polk County, Florida. WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TODAY. Achieve a common perspective of the problems with Disaster Communications Touch on some of the failures and the root causes

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IWCE – 2009 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS A - W

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  1. IWCE – 2009DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS A - W Ben D. Holycross Radio Systems Manager Polk County, Florida DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  2. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  3. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  4. WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TODAY • Achieve a common perspective of the problems with Disaster Communications • Touch on some of the failures and the root causes • Discuss some of the successes and determine why they were successful • Discuss some of the things that need to be done at both the local level and the National level DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  5. WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TODAY (Cont) • Look at some terms and concepts you need to be familiar with • Discuss what happens in a disaster to existing infrastructure • Define a Joint Communications Support Unit (JCSU) and what it’s function is in Disaster Response • Identify the critical components of a JCSU DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  6. WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TODAY (Cont) • Identify some of the threats and the impact they will have • Identify Planning, Preparation, Operations, Administration and Support issues • Define the Mission and the steps necessary to accomplish it • Look at the Big Picture, Long Term view. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  7. Exercise #1 • Johnston Island and the mainland behind it has been devastated by Hurricane Zulu. Prior to the storm the bulk of the Islands 27,000 residents evacuated and have not been allowed back on the Island. All of the structures must be inspected for both structural integrity as well as Haz-Mat. Numerous propane and chlorine tanks have been damaged. One of the two bridges leading to the Island has been destroyed and Law Enforcement has blocked off the other. • There will be about 300 Law Enforcement Officers, 150 Fire Services personnel, and 4 Paramedics with 2 ambulances stationed there around the clock. The 454 personnel are from 28 different agencies. In addition, local Public Works personnel will be working on the Island during daylight hours to try to secure water, sewer and power systems to be able to begin restoration. • One of the problems faced is looters coming in by boat from outside the area to steal whatever valuables they can find. Another problem is residents trying to sneak back on to the Island entering unsafe structures to recover property. • A National Guard Helicopter unit with Night Vision capability has been tasked to work with Law Enforcement at night. • You have been assigned to provide all necessary communications for and ensure interoperability for all of the Public Safety and Public Works personnel working on the Island for up to 10 days. The Commo Unit must plan to be self supporting. • List the problems you think you will have to overcome. • Listing only the equipment and personnel you ACTUALLY have available, tell me what you are going to take with you. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  8. Exercise #2 • During a routine traffic stop the driver fled into a wooded area. A K-9 Officer and his dog who went in were both shot and killed. The assailant now has both his and the murdered officers weapons and fled further into a 1 ½ square mile area. Responding officers secured the perimeter and there are now 700+ Officers from 65 different agencies on scene. Night has fallen and the potential for a friendly fire incident is high. Most of the officers are on foot with their vehicles back at the staging area and those who have been on scene need charged batteries for their radios. Because of the multiple agency response, there are officers on VHF and UHF Conventional systems and both Motorola and M/A-COM trunked systems. A number of the officers have display problems on their radios and are having trouble getting on the right channel. • You have been tasked to ensure interoperability for all of the officers on scene, provide charged batteries to the officers on the perimiter, repair or replace the radios with display problems, support multiple mobile command posts that have been set up. • What are your challenges, and how are you going to overcome them? • Listing only the equipment and personnel you ACTUALLY have available, tell me what you are going to take with you DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  9. Napoleon at Waterloo Lee at Gettysburg Custer at the Little Big Horn Titanic WW-I WW-II Korea Vietnam Panama Grenada Desert Storm Kosovo OIF / OEF Hurricane Andrew Hurricane Opal Sept. 11, 2001 Hurricane Charlie Hurricane Frances Hurricane Ivan Hurricane Jeanne Indian Ocean Tsunami Hurricane Dennis Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Wilma PERSPECTIVEWhat do these events have in common? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  10. HURRICANE KATRINA –FOUR YEARS LATER • What do they all have in common? • Each was a disaster • Each resulted in massive loss of life • Each was followed by numerous “After Action Reports and Analysis” by even more numerous groups and individuals • Each report included scathing commentary regarding “Communications Capability” or lack there of. • After each of these events there were “Recommendations” of what needed to be done to improve communications. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  11. REPORTS • US HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT WEEK OF FEB. 13, 2006 ABC NEWS – FEB. 23, 2006 WHITE HOUSE ANNOUNCEMENT The report, by White House homeland security adviser Frances Fragos Townsend, was expected to be less scathing than a House report issued last week. A congressional aide said the document approaches 200 pages. WHITE HOUSE REPORT FEB. 2006 F.C.C. REPORT JUNE 2006 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  12. HURRICANE KATRINA –FOUR YEARS LATER • THE FCC INDEPENDENT PANEL • REVIEWING THE IMPACT OF HURRICANE KATRINA • ON COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS • CHARTER • A. The Independent Panel’s Official Designation • The official designation of the advisory committee will be the “FCC’s Independent Panel Reviewing the Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Communications Networks” (hereinafter, the “Independent Panel”). • B. The Independent Panel’s Objectives and Scope of Its Activity ***** • The purpose of the Independent Panel is to review the impact of Hurricane Katrina on the telecommunications and media infrastructure in the areas affected by the hurricane. Specifically, the Independent Panel will study the impact of Hurricane Katrina on all sectors of the telecommunications and media industries, including public safety communications. The Independent Panel will also review the sufficiency and effectiveness of the recovery effort with respect to this infrastructure. The Independent Panel will then make recommendations to the Federal Communications Commission (“Commission” or “FCC”) by June 15, 2006 regarding ways to improve disaster preparedness, network reliability, and communication among first responders such as police, fire fighters, and emergency medical personnel. • C. Period of Time Necessary for the Independent Panel to Carry Out Its Purpose • The Independent Panel will have until June 15, 2006 to carry out the purposes for which it was created. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  13. HURRICANE KATRINA –FOUR YEARS LATER • D. Official to Whom the Independent Panel Reports • The Independent Panel shall report to the Chairman of the FCC. The Chairman of the FCC shall appoint the Chair of the Independent Panel. • E. Agency Responsible for Providing Necessary Support • The FCC will provide the necessary support for the Independent Panel, including the meeting facilities for the Panel. All members of the Independent Panel may be entitled to travel expenses or per diem or subsistence allowances. • F. Description of Duties for Which the Independent Panel is Responsible • The duties of the Independent Panel will be to gather the data and information necessary to formulate recommendations for assuring optimal communications services within the parameters set forth in Section B above, develop those recommendations, and submit them to the Commission. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  14. HURRICANE KATRINA –FOUR YEARS LATER • G. Estimated Total Operating Costs in Dollars and Staff Years • An estimated two FCC staff years will be expended in support of the Independent Panel. The Independent Panel’s estimated total operating cost to the FCC is approximately $150,000. • H. Membership • Members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Chairman of the Commission. Members will be selected from public safety organizations, the public sector and the private sector to balance the expertise and viewpoints that are necessary to address effectively the issues considered. • I. Estimated Number and Frequency of Panel Meetings • The Independent Panel will meet at least three times. Informal subcommittees may meet more frequently to facilitate the work of the Independent Panel. • J. Independent Panel’s Termination Date • The Independent Panel will terminate on June 15, 2006, unless renewed before that date for an additional term. • K. Date Original Charter Filed • January 9, 2006 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  15. HURRICANE KATRINA –FOUR YEARS LATER • IWG-3: EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS FOCUS • Identify means for ensuring or enabling rapid deployment of interoperable communications in the wake of an event like Hurricane Katrina that can be implemented in the short term; • Identify any coordination that needs to occur among public safety entities to facilitate implementation of such a system in the wake of a disaster; • Review Hurricane Katrina's impact on the Gulf Coasts Region's 911 and E-911 systems; • Review the impact of public safety answering points (PSAPs) and the procedures used to re-route emergency calls; • Examine whether and how the communications network could have provided greater 911 connectivity for private citizens; and • Review of the adequacy of emergency communications to the public before, during and after the hurricane, and the best ways to alert and inform the public about emergencies in the future. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  16. HURRICANE KATRINA – A YEAR LATER • January 30, 2006 • Public Notice • Federal Register Notice • Agenda • Chairman Kevin J. Martin's Opening Remarks • Remarks of Commissioner Michael J. Copps • Remarks of Commissioner Jonathan S. Adelstein • Remarks of Commissioner Deborah Taylor Tate • Presenters' Remarks • Minutes of Meeting • Meeting Transcript • Replay the audio/video broadcast of the meeting •   March 6, 2006 • Public Notice • Federal Register Notice • Agenda • Chairman Kevin J. Martin's Opening Remarks • Guest Speaker Biographies • Guest Speaker Presentations • Public Notice regarding Oral Presentation Procedures • Meeting Minutes • Meeting Transcript • Link to audio/video broadcast of the meeting DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  17. HURRICANE KATRINA – A YEAR LATER • May 12, 2006 • Public Notice • Federal Register Notice • Agenda • Meeting Minutes • Meeting Transcript • Link to the audio/video broadcast of the meeting •   June 9, 2006 • Public Notice • Federal Register Notice • Agenda • Meeting Minutes • Meeting Transcript • Link to the audio/video broadcast of the meeting DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  18. Final line of House Report • Four and half years after 9/11, Americans deserve more than the state of nature after disaster strikes. With this report we have tried to identify where and why chaos ensued, so that even a storm the size of Katrina can be met with more order, more urgency, more coordination, and more initiative. ■ DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  19. 9/11 + Seven and a half yearsHurricane Katrina + 4 yearsWHAT WE DO HAVE • Lots of reports • Lots of finger pointing • Lots of un-implemented recommendations • Lots of confusion as to what the real problems and needs for communications are in a disaster environment • Lots of people and agencies going different directions on the issues DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  20. 9/11 + Seven and a half yearsHurricane Katrina + 4 years WHAT WE DON’T HAVE • No National Public Safety Communications System • No viable plan for a National Pubic Safety Communications System • No clear understanding by the National Command Authority of the communication needs in disaster response by the First Responders • No one who can get to the President to explain the problem and ask him to appoint someone to fix the problem DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  21. 9/11 + Seven and a half yearsHurricane Katrina + 4 years WHAT WE DON’T HAVE • We don’t have the 700 MHz spectrum allocated to Public Safety cleared by the TV stations. (The F.C.C. is far more interested in entertainment than Public Safety) • We don’t have the additional 700 MHz spectrum for wideband / broadband being discussed • We don’t have an individual appointed and anointed and tasked to FIX the communications problem. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  22. 9/11 + Seven and a half yearsHurricane Katrina + 4 years WHAT WE DONT HAVE • We don’t have a plan nor do we have the necessary equipment and trained personnel to immediately establish Public Safety communications systems for the First Responders who would be coming in following another Katrina type storm if it happened today. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  23. PERSPECTIVE • We have poured billions of dollars down the drain called Interoperability and still are no closer than we were on Sept. 10, 2001 DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  24. KEY POINT All failures of communications in a disaster response can be attributed to a lack of imagination ! DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  25. ANALYSIS • With the technology available today solving the Disaster Communications problems is not rocket science. • What is needed is Planning, Preparation, and Leadership. • If you can imagine a situation, you can imagine the solution. • It’s best if you don’t squat when you are wearing spurs. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  26. WHAT IS A DISASTER • A DISASTER IS A CATASTROPHIC EVENT IMPACTING AN AREA SO LARGE AND TO SUCH AN EXTENT AS TO RENDER THE RESOURCES OF PUBLIC SAFETY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, PUBLIC WORKS AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR ENTERPRISES IRRELEVANT FOR THE FORSEEABLE FUTURE. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

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  32. KEY POINT • To the victims, the initial stages of a disaster are like a trip back in time. • The magnitude of the disaster determines the length of that trip. • Our society today is not equipped to survive in the environment of 1906, 1806, or 2000 BC DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  33. KEY POINT If the citizens / victims have no way to communicate their needs to government, and government has no way of knowing where their resources are and no way to task them, Then how do you begin disaster response? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  34. .Threat Assessment and Impact Evaluation • Basic threats • Hurricanes • Tornados • Floods • Tsunamis • Earthquakes • Volcano eruption • Ice storms • Hazardous materials spills (A/C Make-up air) • Terrorist attacks (Mask measurement) • Pandemics / Epidemics / Biological (high schools, colleges) • Asteroids / comets impacting earth • Coronal Mass Ejection / solar storms DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  35. Threat Impact Evaluation • .Public Safety Communications systems (All) • .Commercial Wireless Communications systems • .Public Telephone system, outside plant, central offices, switching stations • .Electrical distribution grid • .Electrical generation and distribution plant • .Water and sewer • .Transportation networks • .Food and fuel distribution networks • .Medical services • .Public Safety response DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  36. HURRICANE KATRINA • Loss of all power • Loss of all telephone • Loss of water and sewer systems • Road washouts and covered in debris • Loss of all wired and wireless communications systems, both public and commercial, in the costal counties DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  37. HURRICANE KATRINA • Time Travel back to 2,000+ B.C. • No radio • No cellular • No television • No telephone • No dry paper, No pens • No clay tablets and stylus • Only Word of Mouth DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  38. IF YOU ARE THE VICTIM • What systems and procedures do you intend to use if your primary systems are gone? • Does anyone other than you know what that plan is and how to implement it? • Have your First Responders ever practiced on your Disaster Systems or used the Disaster Procedures? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  39. IF YOU ARE THE VICTIM • Will your Disaster Communications Systems and Procedures accommodate 3,000 additional First Responders from 39 States? • Do you know who can provide communications assistance to you? • Do you know who to contact and what to ask for? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  40. Welcome Home! When your people go home to this, what are your expectations and what can you do for them? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  41. 2004 HURRICANES DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  42. Polk County Impacts DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  43. Tracks within Polk County DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  44. 2005 Hurricane Season DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  45. 2006 HURRICANE SEASON DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  46. 2007 HURRICANE SEASON DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  47. 2008 HURRICANE SEASON DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  48. DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  49. 2009 HURRICANE SEASON ? DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

  50. 2008 EARTHQUAKES DISASTER COMMUNICATIONS

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