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Nikolay Voutchkov, PE, BCEE

2012. Lisbon, Portugal. Desalination. Overview of Desalination Status & Future Trends. Nikolay Voutchkov, PE, BCEE. Water Globe Consulting. Desalination – Where Are We Today?. 16,000 Desalination Plants Worldwide – 66.4 Million m³/day. Source: IDA Desalination Yearbook 2011-2012.

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Nikolay Voutchkov, PE, BCEE

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  1. 2012 Lisbon, Portugal Desalination Overview of Desalination Status & Future Trends Nikolay Voutchkov, PE, BCEE Water Globe Consulting

  2. Desalination – Where Are We Today? 16,000 Desalination Plants Worldwide – 66.4 Million m³/day Source: IDA Desalination Yearbook 2011-2012

  3. Projected New Desalination Capacity in 2012 7.9 MM m³/day Actual New Capacity in 2011 6.8 MM m³/day Source: WDR, July 2010

  4. Thermal vs. RO Desalination

  5. Membrane Desalination – Key Trends • SWRO Desalination Technologies Dominate; • Large - (over 50,000 m³/day) and Mega - (over 200,000 m³/day) Desalination Plants Are the Wave of the Future; • Most Large Urban Coastal Centers Worldwide Have Established a Target to Produce 25 % of their Drinking Water from Desalination; • Research &Development Activities are in 10-Year High – Likely to Yield Breakthroughs in Membrane and Desalination Technologies by 2015; • Large SWRO Projects Are Aiming at Sustainability – Green is In!

  6. Water Production Costs of Recent SWRO Desalination Projects

  7. Common Features of Low-Cost Desalination Projects • Low Cost HDPE Open Intakes or Beach Wells; • Near-Shore/On-Shore Discharges w/o Diffuser Systems or Co-discharge w/ Power Plant or WWTP Outfalls; • Point of Product Water Delivery within 5 km of Desalination Plant Site; • RO System Design w/ Feed of Multiple Trains by Common High Pressure Pumps and Energy Recovery Systems; • Turnkey Method of Project Delivery.

  8. Typical Cost and Energy Ranges(Medium & Large SWRO Plants)

  9. Evolving SWRO Membrane Performance • Larger Membrane Element Area: 41 m² vs. 37 m²; • Larger RO Element Productivity: 28 to 47 m³/day; • Improved Salt Rejection: 99.7 to 99.8 %; • Increased Boron Rejection: 90 to 93 %; • Wider Membrane Spacers: 28 mil vs. 34 mil.

  10. Membrane Pretreatment is Becoming More Popular for Large Plants! • 300,000 m³/day Adelaide SWRO Plant, Australia : – Disk Filters + Submersible UF; – Largest SWRO Facility with Membrane Pretreatment. • Where Membrane Pretreatment Has Worked Well? – for Source Waters of Low Bio-fouling Potential: • Subsurface or Deep Open Ocean Intakes; • Plants w/ DAF or Other Pretreatment Ahead of UF/MF Membranes. • Where Membrane Pretreatment Has Faced Challenges? • Shallow Open Intakes Exposed to Heavy Algal Blooms; • Systems Designed for Overly High Flux Rates Based on Short-term Piloting.

  11. Where Future Cost Savings Would Come From? New Membrane & Pipe Materials & Separation Technologies

  12. Main Areas Expected to Yield Cost Savings in the Next 5 Years (20 % Cost & Power Reduction ) • Improvements in Membrane Element Productivity: • Polymetric Membranes (Incorporation of Nano-particles Into Membrane Polymer Matrix); • Bio-membranes & Enzymatic Transport of Water • Carbon Nanotube Membranes • Increased Membrane Useful Life and Reduced Fouling: • Smoother Membrane Surface • Increased Membrane Material Longevity; • Use of Systems for Continuous RO Membrane Cleaning; • UF/MF Membrane Pretreatment. • Commercial Forward Osmosis Systems; • Larger RO Elements, Trains and Equipment.

  13. “The Best” of Seawater DesalinationPresent Status & Future Forecasts

  14. Concluding Remarks • The Ocean Is Becoming One of the Key Sources of Reliable and Draught-Proof Coastal Water Supply in the Next 10 Years; • Seawater Desalination is Economical Today and Will Become Even More Cost-Competitive in the Future; • The Future of Seawater Desalination Is Bright – 20% Cost of Water Reduction in the Next 5 Years; • Long-term Investment In Research and Development Has the Potential to Reduce the Cost of Desalinated Water by 80 % In the Next 20 Years.

  15. Questions ? Nikolay Voutchkov, PE, BCEE Water Globe Consulting nvoutchkov@water-g.com Nikolay Voutchkov

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